105-3-490
The aim of the dissuasion commissions, which are made up of panels of two or three psychiatrists, social workers and legal advisers, is to encourage addicts to undergo treatment and to stop recreational users falling into addiction. They have the power to impose community work and even fines, but punishment is not their main aim. The police turn some 7,500 people a year over to the commissions. But nobody carrying anything considered to be less than a ten-day personal supply of drugs can be arrested, sentenced to jail or given a criminal record.
Officials believe that, by lifting fears of prosecution, the policy has encouraged addicts to seek treatment. This bears out their view that criminal sanctions are not the best answer. "Before decriminalisation, addicts were afraid to seek treatment because they feared they would be denounced to the police and arrested," says Manuel Cardoso, deputy director of the Institute for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Portugal's main drugs-prevention and drugs-policy agency. "Now they know they will be treated as patients with a problem and not stigmatised as criminals."

A. 어휘
dissuasion commission 마약복용중단 설득위원회. are made up of ...로 구성되다.
psychiatrist 정신과의사. social worker 사회복지사. legal adviser 법률고문.
addict 중독자. undergo ...을 받다, 겪다. treatment 치료.
recreational users 기분전환을 위해 마약을 사용하는 사람들.
power 權限(권한). impose 부과하다, 강요하다.
community work 사회봉사노동(형벌). fine 벌금. punishment 형벌.
arrest 체포하다. sentence 宣告(선고)하다. criminal record 범죄기록.
official 관리. lift 제거하다, 포위를 풀다, 들어 올리다.
prosecution 起訴(기소), 고발. bear out 증명하다. sanction 처벌, 制裁(제재).
decriminalisation 非犯罪化(비범죄화). denounce 고발하다, 밀고하다, 비난하다.
deputy director 副(부) 所長(소장). institute 연구소. agency 기관, 部處(부처).
patient 환자. stigmatise 汚名(오명)을 씌우다, 비난하다. criminal 범죄자.

B. 구문
- nobody carrying anything considered
→nobody who is carrying anything that is considered

105-4-491
The number of addicts registered in drug-substitution programmes has risen from 6,000 in 1999 to over 24,000 in 2008, reflecting a big rise in treatment (but not in drug use). Between 2001 and 2007 the number of Portuguese who say they have taken heroin at least once in their lives increased from just 1% to 1.1%. For most other drugs, the figures have fallen: Portugal has one of Europe's lowest lifetime usage rates for cannabis. And most notably, heroin and other drug abuse has decreased among vulnerable younger age-groups, according to Mr Cardoso.
The share of heroin users who inject the drug has also fallen, from 45% before decriminalisation to 17% now, he says, because the new law has facilitated treatment and harm-reduction programmes. Drug addicts now account for only 20% of Portugal's HIV cases, down from 56% before. "We no longer have to work under the paradox that exists in many countries of providing support and medical care to people the law considers criminals."
"Proving a causal link between Portugal's decriminalisation measures and any changes in drug-use patterns is virtually impossible in scientific terms," concludes Mr Hughes. "But anyone looking at the statistics can see that drug consumption in 2001 was relatively low in European terms, and that it remains so. The apocalypse hasn't happened."

A. 어휘
addict 중독자. register 등록하다. substitution 대용, 대체. reflect 반영하다.
treatment 치료. figure 數値(수치). usage rate 사용비율. cannabis 대마초.
notably 두드러지게, 명백하게. drug abuse 약물 濫用(남용).
decrease 감소하다. vulnerable 취약한, 상처받기 쉬운, 저항력이 없는.
inject the drug 마약을 주입하다. decriminalisation 非犯罪化(비범죄화).
facilitate ...을 용이하게 하다, 촉진하다, 助長(조장)하다. reduction 축소.
account for 책임이 있다, ...의 원인이 되다. paradox 逆說(역설).
medical care 醫療(의료), 치료. criminal 범죄자. causal 원인의.
measure 조치. pattern 유형, 모양. virtually 사실상.
in scientific terms 과학적 견지에서. statistics 통계.
consumption 소비. relatively 상대적으로.
apocalypse 인간세계를 초월하는 파괴력이 있는 사건, 啓示(계시).