Getting it together at last ¨ì

121-6-566

Lucky Lula's legacy

Brazil's current president, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, has been able to take much of the credit for the country's recent growth that perhaps properly belongs to his predecessor. Yet Lula's achievement has been to keep the reforms he was bequeathed and add a few of his own-not a meagre accomplishment given that for the past seven years his own party has been trying to drag him to the left.
Lula is often mocked for beginning his sentences with the phrase, "never before in the history of this country". What his political opponents find even more infuriating is that he is often right. Brazil was able to cut interest rates and inject money into the economy as the world economy faltered at the end of last year, the first time it has been able to do this in a crisis. Whereas others predicted that world events would tip Brazil into recession, Lula reckoned that the crisis would amount to nothing more than a small tide breaking on his country's beaches. The economy shrank for only two quarters and is now growing again. The contrast with Brazil's performance in previous crises could not be more stark.
Plenty of problems remain. The central bank's headline interest rate is 8.75%, one of the highest real rates anywhere in the world. If the government wants a long-term loan in its own currency it still has to link its bonds to inflation, making debt expensive to service.
Productivity growth is sluggish. That may not seem the end of the world, but it reflects realities such as the two-hour bus journey into work endured by people living on the periphery of Sao Paulo, the country's largest city, during which they often risk assault before arriving too tired to be very useful. The government invests too little and has longstanding gaps in policing and education to fill. The legal system is dysfunctional. And so on.

A. ¾îÈÖ
legacy ë¶ß§(À¯»ê). current ÇöÀçÀÇ.
take much of the credit ...ÀÇ °øÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ Â÷ÁöÇÏ´Ù. cf. credit ¸í¼º, ½Å¿ë.
properly Á¤È®ÇϰÔ, Àû´çÇϰÔ. predecessor îñìòíº(ÀüÀÓÀÚ).
bequeath Èļ¼¿¡ ÀüÇÏ´Ù, À¯¾ðÀ¸·Î ¾çµµÇÏ´Ù. meagre ºó¾àÇÑ.
mock ºñ¿ô´Ù, ¸ð¹æÇÏ´Ù. phrase åÞÏ£(¾î±¸). political opponents ïÙîØ(Á¤Àû).
infuriating °ÝºÐ½ÃŰ´Â. interest rate ÀÌÀÚÀ².
inject ñ¼ìý(ÁÖÀÔ)ÇÏ´Ù, ÁÖ»ç ³õ´Ù. falter ºñƲ°Å¸®´Ù. crisis À§±â.
whereas ...¿¡ ¹ÝÇØ¼­. tip ±â¿ï´Ù. recession ºÒȲ.
reckon ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ´Ù, °è»êÇÏ´Ù. amount to ...ÀÌ µÇ´Ù, ...°ú °°´Ù.
tide ðÍâ©(Á¶¼ö). shrink-shrank-shrunk ¿À±×¶óµé´Ù, ÁÙ´Ù.
quarter ÝÂÑ¢(ºÐ±â). performance à÷îà(¼ºÀû), °á°ú, ¼öÇà, ¾÷Àû, °ø¿¬.
stark ¿ÏÀüÇÑ, °æÁ÷µÈ, ±»Àº, ¾Ë¸öÀÇ. loan ´ëºÎ, ±¹Ã¤, ó¨Î³(Â÷°ü).
currency ÅëÈ­. bond °øÃ¤, ä±Ç. sluggish ´À¸°, ¿Ï¸¸ÇÑ, °ÔÀ¸¸¥.
reflect ¹Ý¿µÇÏ´Ù. endure °¨´çÇÏ´Ù, °ßµð¾î ³»´Ù. periphery º¯µÎ¸®, ñ²Ü«(ÁÖº¯).
assault ØíÍô(¸Í°ø), ÆøÇà. longstanding Àå±â°£ÀÇ.
legal system ¹ý·üÁ¦µµ. dysfunctional ±â´ÉÀå¾ÖÀÇ.

B. ±¸¹®
- given that for the past seven years . . . to drag him to the left.
cf. given¡æif it is given

C. ÓÞëù(´ëÀÇ)

Çà¿îÀÇ Lula°¡ ¹°·Á¹ÞÀº À¯»ê

ºê¶óÁúÀÇ Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva úÞ´ëÅë·ÉÀº, Á¤È®È÷ ¸»Çϸé ÀüÀÓÀÚ¿¡°Ô µ¹¾Æ °¡¾ßÇÒÁöµµ ¸ð¸£´Â, °æÁ¦¼ºÀå¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °øÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ Â÷ÁöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×·±µ¥µµ LulaÀÇ ¾÷ÀûÀº ±×°¡ ¹°·Á¹ÞÀº °³ÇõÀ» ±×´ë·Î À¯ÁöÇÏ°í ±×°Í¿¡´Ù ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °ÍÀ» ¸î °³ ÷°¡ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº Áö³­ 7³â µ¿¾È ±×°¡ ¼ÓÇÑ ÓÚ(´ç)ÀÌ ±×¸¦ ñ§(ÁÂ)(»çȸÁÖÀÇ) ÂÊÀ¸·Î ²ø°í °¡·Á°í ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿´´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÊëäÐ(°¨¾È)ÇÏ¸é °áÄÚ ÀÛÀº ¾÷ÀûÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
Lula´Â ¡°ÀÌ ³ª¶ó ¿ª»ç¿¡¼­ Àü¿¡´Â °áÄÚ ¾ø¾ú´ø¡±À̶ó´Â ¾î±¸·Î ¸»À» ½ÃÀÛÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Á¾Á¾ ºóÃàÀ» »ç¿Ô´Ù. ±×ÀÇ Á¤ÀûÀ» ´õ¿í´õ °ÝºÐ½ÃŰ´Â °ÍÀº ±×°¡ Á¾Á¾ ¿Ç´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À۳⠸»¿¡ ¼¼°è°æÁ¦°¡ ºñƲ°Å¸®°í ÀÖÀ» ¶§ ºê¶óÁúÀº ÀÌÀÚÀ²À» ³·Ãß°í °æÁ¦¿¡ µ·À» ÁÖÀÔÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ºê¶óÁúÀÌ °æÁ¦À§±â¸¦ ´çÇØ¼­ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø °ÍÀº (ºê¶óÁú ¿ª»ç»ó) óÀ½ ÀÖ´Â ÀÏÀ̾ú´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¼¼°èÀÇ À§±âÀû »óȲÀÌ ºê¶óÁúÀ» ºÒȲÀ¸·Î ±â¿ï°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¿¹¾ðÇÏ¿´Áö¸¸ Lula´Â À§±â´Â ºê¶óÁúÀÇ ÇØ¾È¿¡ ºÎµúÈ÷´Â ÀÛÀº ÆÄµµ¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ¿´¾ú´Ù. ºê¶óÁú °æÁ¦´Â 6°³¿ù µ¿¾È¸¸ À§ÃàµÇ¾ú°í Áö±ÝÀº ´Ù½Ã ¼ºÀåÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌÀü¿¡ °æÁ¦À§±â¸¦ ´çÇßÀ» ¶§ ºê¶óÁúÀÌ Ã³ÇÑ »óȲ°ú ºñ±³ÇØ º¸¸é ÇöÀçÀÇ ¾÷ÀûÀº ÃÖ°í·Î ¼±¸íÇÏ°Ô µå·¯³­´Ù.
¸¹Àº ¹®Á¦°¡ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Ù. Áß¾ÓÀºÇàÀÇ Çìµå¶óÀÎ ±Ý¸®´Â ¼¼°è¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ³ôÀº ½ÇÁú ±Ý¸®ÁßÀÇ Çϳª·Î¼­ 8.75 %ÀÌ´Ù. Á¤ºÎ°¡ ÀÚü ÅëÈ­·Î¼­ Àå±â´ëºÎ¸¦ ¿øÇÑ´Ù¸é ¾ÆÁ÷µµ Á¤ºÎ°øÃ¤¸¦ ÀÎÇ÷¹À̼ǰú ¿¬µ¿Çؼ­ ºúÀ» ¾²´Â °ÍÀÌ ºñ½Îµµ·Ï ÇØ¾ßÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
»ý»ê¼ºÀÇ ¼ºÀå ¼Óµµ°¡ ´À¸®´Ù. Å« ¹®Á¦´Â ¾Æ´ÒÁö´Â ¸ô¶óµµ À̰ÍÀº ºê¶óÁú ÃÖ´ëÀÇ µµ½ÃÀÎ Sao Paulo º¯µÎ¸®¿¡ °ÅÁÖÇÏ´Â ±Ù·ÎÀÚµéÀÌ ¸ÅÀÏ °°ÀÌ ¹ö½º¸¦ 2½Ã°£À̳ª Ÿ°í Á÷Àå¿¡ °¡¾ßÇÏ´Â °Í °°Àº Èûµç Çö½ÇÀ» ¹Ý¿µÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ³Ê¹« ÇÇ·ÎÇØÁ®¼­ Á¦´ë·Î Àϵµ ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» Á¤µµ°¡ µÇ¾î Á÷Àå¿¡ µµÂøÇϱâ Àü¿¡ °­µµÀÇ ½À°ÝÀ» ´çÇÒ À§Çèµµ ÀÖ´Ù. Á¤ºÎ´Â ÅõÀÚ¸¦ ³Ê¹« Àû°Ô Çϰí, Ä¡¾È°ú ±³À°¿¡ À־ ä¿ö ³Ö¾î¾ßÇÒ ºó°÷ÀÌ ¸¹´Ù. ¹ý·üÁ¦µµ´Â ±â´ÉÀå¾Ö »óÅ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±âŸ µîµî.
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