128-10-603
The other charge, also familiar to Americans who distrust atheism in their public figures (even though their constitution would not admit it in court), was impiety. Socrates almost certainly was an atheist. As was his wont, however, he cared more about debating, with a man named Euthrypho on the steps of the courthouse before his preliminary hearing, what piety even meant.
In his perplexing defence before the jury, Socrates never addressed either charge directly. True to form, he attempted dialectic with his accusers, making them look confused and thus insulting them even more. Nonetheless, and to the great credit of the Athenians, the verdict was close. I.F. Stone in "The Trial of Socrates" estimates that 280 jurors voted guilty, 220 innocent.
In his second speech, before his sentencing, Socrates stepped up his invective. To his acquitters he was kind. But to the rest he was mocking. Xenophon believed that Socrates intentionally antagonised the jury because at this point he wanted, or needed, to die and become a martyr. If so, Socrates succeeded. Stone estimates that the margin in the second vote grew, to 360-140 in favour of execution. When his friend, Crito, came to Socratess cell with an escape plan, Socrates chose to stay and drink the hemlock.
A. ¾îÈÖ
charge ÇøÀÇ, °í¹ß. distrust ¹ÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù, ½Å¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù.
atheism ¹«½Å·Ð. figure Àι°. impiety ½Å¾ÓÀÌ ¾øÀ½, ÜôÌ×(ºÒ°æ).
wont ½À°ü, ¹ö¸©, °ü·Ê. preliminary hearing çããû(¿¹½É).
perplexing ´çȲÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â, ³Ã³ÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â, ±î´Ù·Î¿î.
jury ¹è½É¿ø. dialectic º¯Áõ¹ý. accuser °í¹ßÀÚ, °í¼ÒÀÎ.
insult ¸ð¿åÇÏ´Ù. to one's credit ¸í¿¹·Ó°Ôµµ. verdict øÄ̽(Æò°á).
innocent ¹«ÁËÀÇ. sentencing à¾Í±(¼±°í). invective ¸Í·ÄÇÑ ºñ³, °ø°Ý, µ¶¼³.
acquitter ÞõØó(»ç¸é)ÇØÁÖ´Â »ç¶÷. mock ºñ¿ô´Ù, ¾÷½Å¿©±â´Ù.
intentionally ÀǵµÀûÀ¸·Î. antagonise Àû´ëÇÏ´Ù. martyr ¼ø±³ÀÚ.
execution »çÇüÁýÇà. cell °¨¹æ. hemlock µ¶¹Ì³ª¸®.
B. ÓÞëù(´ëÀÇ)
¶ÇÇÑ °øÀûÀÎ Àι°¿¡°Ô¼ º¸ÀÌ´Â ¹«½Å·ÐÀ» ½È¾îÇÏ´Â ¹Ì±¹Àε鿡°Ô Ä£¼÷ÇÑ(ºñ·Ï ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Çå¹ýÀº ¹ýÁ¤¿¡¼ ÀÌ·± ÀÏÀ» Çã¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°ÚÁö¸¸) ¶Ç ÇϳªÀÇ ÇøÀÇ´Â ÜôÌ×(ºÒ°æ)À̾ú´Ù. Socrates´Â °ÅÀÇ È®½ÇÈ÷ ¹«½Å·ÐÀÚ¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×ÀÇ ½À°ü´ë·Î, ±×´Â ¿¹½ÉÀÌ ÀÖ±â Àü¿¡ ¹ýÁ¤ÀÇ °è´Ü¿¡¼ Euthrypho¶ó´Â »ç¶÷°ú ½Å¾ÓÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀ» ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â Áö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³íÀï¿¡ ´õ °ü½ÉÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
¹è½É¿øµé ¾Õ¿¡¼ Àڽſ¡ ´ëÇÑ ±î´Ù·Î¿î º¯·Ð¿¡¼, Socrates´Â ¸ðµç ÇøÀÇ(ÀþÀºÀ̸¦ Ÿ¶ô½ÃŰ´Â °Í°ú ºÒ°æ)¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼µµ Á÷Á¢ ¸»ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. º¯·Ð Çü½Ä¿¡ Ãæ½ÇÇϸé¼, ±×´Â °í¹ßÀڵ鿡°Ô º¯Áõ¹ýÀ» ½ÃµµÇÏ¿© ±×µéÀ» ´çȲÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú°í ±×µéÀ» ´õ¿í´õ ¸ð¿åÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ¶Ç ¾ÆÅ×³× »ç¶÷µéÀº ÈǸ¢ÇϰԵµ Æò°á(À¯ÁË ¹«Á˸¦ °¡¸§ÇÏ´Â ÅõÇ¥)¿¡¼ °ÅÀÇ ºñ½ÁÇÑ óÇÚã(Âù¹Ý)À» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. I.F. StoneÀº The Trial of Socrates¿¡¼ ¹è½É¿øµé Áß À¯ÁË ÅõÇ¥ÀÚ ¼ö´Â 280¸íÀ̾ú°í ¹«ÁËÅõÇ¥ÀÚ¼ö´Â 220¸íÀ̾ú´Ù°í Æò°¡¿´´Ù.
¼±°í°¡ ÀÖ±â Àü µÎ ¹øÂ° ¿¬¼³¿¡¼ Socrates´Â °ø°ÝÀ» °ÈÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×¸¦ »ç¸éÇØÁÖ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô´Â ±×´Â Ä£ÀýÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ³ª¸ÓÁö »ç¶÷µéÀº ºñ¿ô¾ú´Ù. Xenophon Àº ÀÌ ½ÃÁ¡¿¡¼ Socrates´Â Á×¾î¼ ¼ø±³ÀÚ µÇ±â¸¦ ¿øÇÏ¿´°Å³ª ±×·¸°Ô µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ¿´±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀǵµÀûÀ¸·Î ¹è½É¿øµéÀ» Àû´ëÇÏ¿´´Ù°í ¹Ï¾ú´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é Socrates´Â ¼º°øÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. Stone Àº 2Â÷ ÅõÇ¥¿¡¼ »ç¸éº¸´Ù´Â »çÇüÀ» Âù¼ºÇϴ ǥÀÇ Â÷°¡ 360-140À¸·Î ´Ã¾î³µ´Ù°í Æò°¡ÇÑ´Ù. ±×ÀÇ Ä£±¸ÀÎ Crito°¡ µµÇǰèȹÀ» °¢Áö°í ±×ÀÇ °¨¹æÀ» ¹æ¹®ÇÏ¿´À» ¶§, Socrates´Â °¨¹æ¿¡ ³²¾ÆÀÖ±â·Î °áÁ¤ÇÏ°í µ¶¾àÀ» ¸¶¼Ì´Ù.
ÇÑ´«¿¡ º¸´Â
º£½ºÆ® ±â»ç
- 1 Çѵ¿ÈÆÀÇ ¿ª»çÀû »ç¸í°ú Áö¹æ¼±°ÅÀÇ ÀǹÌ
- 2 5¿ù31ÀÏÀº ±èÀϼº ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ÆíÁö ¾´ ³¯
- 3 À°»ç(ëÁÞÍ)°¡ ¹Ì¿ì¸é À°»ç¸¸ ÆóÁöÇ϶ó
- 4 ¿Ö ¸»¸®´Â »ç¶÷±îÁö ÈæÈ(ýÙûù)Çϴ°¡?
- 5 ÃÖ¾ÇÀÇ ÀúÁúµé¿¡°Ô Áö¹è´çÇÏ´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Çö½Ç
- 6 ³ëÀε鿡°Ô ȸÀü¿îµ¿À» ºÎÃß±â´Ù´Ï
- 7 çïá¦ý³(¿À¼¼ÈÆ) ¼¿ï½ÃÀåÀÇ ½Â¸®´Â ¿øÄ¢°ú Á¤ÀÇÀÇ ½Â¸®´Ù
- 8 ¼¿ï½Ã¹ÎÀº ÀÌÀç¸í Á¤±ÇÀ» ½ÉÆÇÇß½À´Ï´Ù
- 9 ³²ÇÑ ºÎÀΰúÀÇ ÀÌÈ¥ µ¿±â(ÔÑѦ) - '±×³É ½È¾î¼'
- 10 ±èÁøÀº Àú½Â¿¡¼ Çѵ¿ÈÆÀ» ÀÀ¿øÇϰí ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù!












