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It is good to go up in the world, but much less so if everyone around you is going up in it too. It is an impressive list-even if you factor in some formidably depressing data. (In the gently dissenting foreword to her husband's book Simon's widow quotes statistics claiming that, outside warfare, 20th-century governments murdered 7.3% of their people, through needless famine, labour camps, genocide and other crimes. That compares with 3.7% in the 19th century and 4.7% in the 17th.) Mr Moore and Simon show that health and wealth have never been so abundant. And for the part of humanity that is even now shedding poverty, many gains still lie ahead.
The trouble is that a belief in progress is more than just a branch of accounting. The books are never closed. Wouldn't nuclear war or environmental catastrophe tip the balance into the red? And the accounts are full of blank columns. How does the unknown book-keeper reconcile such unknowable quantities as happiness and fulfilment across the ages? As Adam traverses history, he sees material progress combined with spiritual decline.
Even if you can show how miserable the past was, the belief in progress is about the future. People born in the rich world today think they are due a modicum of health, prosperity and equality. They advance against that standard, rather than the pestilence, beggary and injustice of serfdom. That's progress.
A. ¾îÈÖ
factor ÀμöºÐÇØÇÏ´Ù, ¿äÀο¡ Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃŰ´Ù. formidably ¹«¼·°Ô, °·ÂÇϰÔ.
dissenting ÀǰßÀ» ´Þ¸®ÇÏ´Â, ¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Â. foreword ¸Ó¸®¸», ßíÙþ(¼¹®).
quote ÀοëÇÏ´Ù. statistics Åë°è. warfare ÀüÀï. famine ±â±Ù.
genocide ÀÎÁ¾ Çлì. abundant dzºÎÇÑ, ëÈ÷Ê(À±ÅÃ)ÇÑ.
shed-shed-shed ¿ÊÀ» ¹þ¾î ´øÁö´Ù, ÇÇ(´«¹°)¸¦ È긮´Ù.
accounting ȸ°è, Ìè×â(°æ¸®), °è»ê. catastrophe î¬äê(Àç¾Ó).
balance Óèó¨(´ëÂ÷) Æò±Õ, ¼öÁö ͪïÒ(°èÁ¤), ´ëÂ÷ °èÁ¤.
accounts Óèó¨(´ëÂ÷) ͪïÒ(°èÁ¤). blank columns ÍöÕ±(°ø¶õ).
book-keeper ºÎ±â °è¿ø, ÑÀíãÌõ(±âÀå°è). reconcile Á¶È½ÃŰ´Ù, ÀÏÄ¡½ÃŰ´Ù.
traverse Ⱦ´ÜÇÏ´Ù, °¡·ÎÁö¸£´Ù, Åë°úÇÏ´Ù. decline ¼èÅð.
miserable ºñÂüÇÑ. due ´ç¿¬ÇÑ ±Ç¸®·Î ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÒ, Á¤´çÇÑ, ´ç¿¬ÇÑ.
modicum ¼Ò·®, ¼Ò¾×. prosperity ¹ø¿µ. pestilence úªÔ¸(ÇØµ¶), Àü¿°º´.
beggary п޸(±Øºó), °ÅÁö½Å¼¼. serfdom ÒÜÒ¿(³ó³ë) »çȸ.
B. ±¸¹®
-health and wealth have never been so abundant. =health and wealth have never been so abundant as now.
C. ÓÞëù(´ëÀÇ)
¼¼»óÀÌ ¸ðµç ¸é¿¡¼ ³ª¾ÆÁö´Â °ÍÀº ±âºÐÀÌ ÁÁÀº ÀÏÀÌÁö¸¸ ´ç½Å ÁÖº¯ÀÇ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÇüÆíÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ÁÁ¾ÆÁø´Ù¸é ±âºÐÀÌ ±×·¸°Ô ÁÁ¾ÆÁöÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ÀλóÀûÀÎ ¹ßÀü¸ñ·ÏÀÌ´Ù-½ÉÁö¾î ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ¿ì¿ïÇÑ ÀÚ·á·Î ÀμöºÐÇØ ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ±×·¸´Ù. (³²ÆíÀÇ Ã¥¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ù¼Ò ÀǰßÀ» ´Þ¸®ÇÏ´Â ¼¹®¿¡¼ SimonÀÇ Ú±ØÌìÑ(¹Ì¸ÁÀÎ)Àº 20¼¼±â ÊÀÏÐ(°¢±¹)ÀÇ Á¤ºÎ´Â ÀüÀïÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°íµµ ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ ±â±Ù°ú °Á¦³ëµ¿°ú ÀÎÁ¾ ÇÐ»ì ¹× æ®öâ(¿©Å¸) ¹üÁ˸¦ ÅëÇØ¼ ±¹¹ÎÀÇ 7.3%¸¦ »ìÇØÇÏ¿´´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â Åë°è¸¦ ÀοëÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº 19¼¼±âÀÇ 3.7%¿Í 17¼¼±âÀÇ 4.7%¿Í ºñ±³°¡ µÈ´Ù.) Moore ¿Í Simon ´Â °Ç°°ú ¼Òµæ¿¡¼ Áö±Ýó·³ dzºÎÇÑ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ½ÉÁö¾î ÀÌÁ¦¾ß °¡³¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³ª°í ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ôµµ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ¸¹Àº ¼ÒµæÀÇ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ¾Õ¿¡ ³õ¿©ÀÖ´Ù.
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