The idea of progress ¨ì

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The 20th century was seduced by the idea that humans will advance as part of a collective and that the enlightened few have the right-the duty even-to impose progress on the benighted masses whether they choose it or not. The blood of millions and the fall of the Berlin Wall, 20 years ago this year, showed how much the people beg to differ. Coercion will always have its attractions for those able to do the coercing, but, as a source of enlightened progress, the subjugation of the individual in the interests of the community has lost much of its appeal.
Instead the modern age has belonged to material progress and its predominant source has been science. Yet nestling amid the quarks and transistors and the nucleic acids and nanotubes, there is a question. Science confers huge power to change the world. Can people be trusted to harness it for good?
The ancients thought not. Warnings that curiosity can be destructive stretch back to the very beginning of civilisation. As Adam and Eve ate from the Tree of Knowledge, so inquisitive Pandora, the first woman in Greek mythology, peered into the jar and released all the world's evils.
Modern science is full of examples of technologies that can be used for ill as well as good. Think of nuclear power-and of nuclear weapons of biotechnology-and of biological contamination. Or think, less apocalyptically, of information technology and of electronic surveillance. History is full of useful technologies that have done harm, intentionally or not. Electricity is a modern wonder, but power stations have burnt too much CO2-producing coal. The internet has spread knowledge and understanding, but it has also spread crime and pornography. German chemistry produced aspirin and fertiliser, but it also filled Nazi gas chambers with Cyclon B.

A. ¾îÈÖ
seduce ÎçÞÊ(±³»ç)ÇÏ´Ù, ³ª»Û ±æ·Î À¯È¤ÇÏ´Ù, ¸ÅȤÇÏ´Ù.
collective Áý´Ü, ó¢ùêô÷(ÁýÇÕü). enlightened °³È­µÈ.
impose °­¿äÇÏ´Ù, (Àǹ«, Çü¹ú, ºÎ´ã)À» Áö¿ì´Ù. benighted ÙÕØÜ(¸ù¸Å)ÇÑ, ¹«ÁöÇÑ.
masses ÓÞñë(´ëÁß). coercion Ë­äâ(°­¾Ð), ¾ï¾Ð, ź¾ÐÁ¤Ä¡.
subjugation Á¾¼Ó, º¹Á¾, Á¤º¹, Áø¾Ð. predominant ¿ì¼¼ÇÑ, ¶Ù¾î³­.
nestle Æ÷±ÙÇÏ°Ô ÀÚ¸® Àâ´Ù, Á¤ÂøÇÏ´Ù, µÕÁö¸¦ Áþ´Ù.
quark ÄõÅ© ¸ðÇü¡´Ê£àãîÜ(°¡¼³Àû) í£í­(ÀÔÀÚ)¡µ.
nucleic acids ú·ß«(ÇÙ»ê). confer ÁÖ´Ù, È£ÀǸ¦ º£Ç®´Ù, ȸÀÇÇÏ´Ù.
harness ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Ù, Ø©Îý(¸¶±¸)¸¦ ´Þ´Ù. curiosity È£±â½É.
the Tree of Knowledge (of good and evil) ¼±¾Ç°ú³ª¹«.
inquisitive È£±â½ÉÀÌ °­ÇÑ, ij¹¯±â ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â, ÀÚ²Ù ¾Ë°í ½Í¾î ÇÏ´Â.
mythology ½ÅÈ­. peer ¶Õ¾îÁö°Ô º¸´Ù. release Ç®¾îÁÖ´Ù, ¹æÃâÇÏ´Ù, ¼®¹æÇÏ´Ù.
contamination ¿À¿°. apocalyptically Á¾¸»·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î, ¼¼»ó¿¡ Á¾¸»ÀÌ ¿Â µíÀÌ.
electronic surveillance ÀüÀÚ°¨½Ã. power station ¹ßÀü¼Ò.
fertiliser ºñ·á. chamber ¹æ, ȸÀÇÀå, ÀÇȸ.

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