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The point is not that science is harmful, but that progress in science does not map tidily onto progress for humanity. In an official British survey of public attitudes to science in 2008, just over 80% of those asked said they were "amazed by the achievements of science". However, only 46% thought that "the benefits of science are greater than any harmful effect".
From the perspective of human progress, science needs governing. Scientific progress needs to be hitched to what you might call "moral progress". It can yield untold benefits, but only if people use it wisely. They need to understand how to stop science from being abused. And to do that they must look outside science to the way people behave.
¡¦I am getting richer and richer
It is a similar story with economic growth, the other source of material progress. The 18th century was optimistic that business could bring prosperity and that prosperity, in its turn, could bring enlightenment. Business has more than lived up to the first half of that promise. As Joseph Schumpeter famously observed, silk stockings were once only for queens, but capitalism has given them to factory girls. And, as Mr Moore and Simon argue, prosperity has brought its share of enlightenment.
The Economist puts more faith in business than most. Yet even the stolidest defenders of capitalism would, by and large, agree that its tendency to form cartels, shuffle off the costs of pollution and collapse under the weight of its own financial inventiveness needs to be constrained by laws designed to channel its energy to the general good. Business needs governing, just as science does.
A. ¾îÈÖ
map Áöµµ·Î ±×¸®´Ù, ¹èÄ¡ÇÏ´Ù, °èȹÇÏ´Ù.
tidily ²Ï ÁÁ°Ô, ´ÜÁ¤ÇϰÔ. humanity Àηù. official °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ.
amaze ±ô¦ ³î¶ó´Ù, ÌóäÃ(°æ¾Ç)ÇÏ´Ù. benefits ÇýÅÃ.
perspective ðÒØÐ(Á¶¸Á), ½Ã°¢, ̸ò¢(°ßÁö), ¿ø±Ùȹý, Åõ½Ãµµ.
govern ÅëÄ¡ÇÏ´Ù, °ü¸®ÇÏ´Ù. yield °¡Á®¿À´Ù. untold Çì¾Æ¸± ¼ö ¾ø´Â, ¸·´ëÇÑ.
hitch ¿¬°áÇÏ´Ù, (¼Ò, ¸»À») ¸Å´Ù. abuse ¾Ç¿ëÇÏ´Ù.
look to ...¿¡ ÁÖÀÇÇÏ´Ù, ¸¶À½À» ¾²´Ù. optimistic ³«°üÀûÀÎ.
prosperity ¹ø¿µ. enlightenment ÌöÙÕ(°è¸ù), ¹®¸í, ËÒûù(°³È).
live up to ...¿¡ ºÎ²ô·´Áö ¾ÊÀº »ýȰÀ» ÇÏ´Ù, ...¿¡ µû¶ó ÇൿÇÏ´Ù.
stolid ¿Ï°íÇÑ, µÐ°¨ÇÑ. by and large ´ëü·Î. cartel ±â¾÷¿¬ÇÕ.
shuffle off ¹ö¸®´Ù, Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Àü°¡ÇÏ´Ù. collapse ºØ±«ÇÏ´Ù.
inventiveness âÀÇÀûÀÓ. constrain ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Ù, °¨±ÝÇÏ´Ù, °Á¦ÇÏ´Ù.
channel À̲ø´Ù, ¾î¶² ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î µ¹¸®´Ù.
B. ±¸¹®
-those asked= those who were asked
-needs governing= needs to be governed
-the first half of that promise=business could bring prosperity
C. ÓÞëù(´ëÀÇ)
é©ïÇ(¿äÁ¡)Àº °úÇÐÀÌ êóúª(À¯ÇØ)ÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í °úÇÐÀÇ ¹ß´ÞÀÌ ÀηùÀÇ ¹ß´Þ°ú ¹Ýµå½Ã ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 2008³â ÀϹݴëÁßÀÇ °úÇп¡ ´ëÇÑ Åµµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿µ±¹ÀÇ °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ Á¶»ç¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé Á¶»ç´ë»óÀÚ ¡´Áú¹®À» ¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷µé¡µÀÇ ´ÜÁö 80%¸¸ ¡°°úÇÐÀÇ ¼ºÃ롱¿¡ °æÀ̷οòÀ» ´À³¤´Ù°í ´äÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª 46%¸¸ÀÌ °úÇÐÀÇ ÇýÅÃÀº °úÇÐÀÇ ¾î¶² À¯ÇØÇÑ °á°úº¸´Ùµµ ´õ Å©´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Àηù¹ßÀüÀÇ °ßÁö¿¡¼ º¸¸é °úÇÐÀ» ´Ù½º·Á¾ßÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù. °úÇÐÀû ¹ß´ÞÀº ¼ÒÀ§ ¡°µµ´öÀû ¹ß´Þ¡±°ú ¿¬°áµÉ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù. °úÇÐÀº Çì¾Æ¸± ¼ö ¾øÀÌ ¸¹Àº ÇýÅÃÀ» °¡Á®¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ Àΰ£ÀÌ °úÇÐÀ» Çö¸íÇÏ°Ô ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¶§¸¸ ±×·¸´Ù. Àΰ£Àº °úÇÐÀÇ ¾Ç¿ëÀ» ¸·´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¾Ë¾Æ¾ßÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°í À̰ÍÀ» Çϱâ À§Çؼ´Â Àΰ£Àº °úÇÐÀ» ¹þ¾î³ª¼ Àΰ£µéÀÇ Çൿ¾ç½ÄÀ» ÁÖ¸ñÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
¹°ÁúÀû ¹ßÀüÀÇ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ¿øÃµÀÎ °æÁ¦¼ºÀå¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼µµ °úÇаú ºñ½ÁÇÑ À̾߱⸦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. 18¼¼±â´Â ºñÁî´Ï½º°¡ ¹ø¿µÀ» °¡Á®¿À°í æ²(¿ª)À¸·Î ¹ø¿µÀº °è¸ùÀ» °¡Á®¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ³«°üÇÏ¿´´Ù. ºñÁî´Ï½º°¡ ¹ø¿µÀ» °¡Á®¿Â´Ù´Â ¾à¼ÓÀº ±â´ëÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ¼º°øÀ» °ÅµÎ¾ú´Ù. Joseph Schumpeter°¡ ÀÌÀü¿¡ °üÂûÇÑ ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ ¿¾³¯¿¡´Â ¿©¿Õ °°Àº ¿©Àε鸸 ºñ´Ü ½ºÅ¸Å·À» ½Å¾úÀ¸³ª Áö±ÝÀº ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ ´öÀ¸·Î °øÀå¿¡ ´Ù´Ï´Â ¿©¼ºµµ ½Å´Â´Ù. ±×¸®°í Moore ¿Í Simon ÀÌ ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ °æÁ¦Àû ¹ø¿µÀº °è¸ù»ç»óÀÇ È®»ê¿¡µµ ìéìÏ(ÀÏÀÍ)À» ´ã´çÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Economistò¼´Â ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ »ç¶÷µéº¸´Ùµµ ºñÁî´Ï½º¿¡ ´õ ¸¹Àº ½Å·Ú¸¦ µÐ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °¡Àå ¿Ï°íÇÑ ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ ¿ËÈ£ÀÚµµ Ä«¸£ÅÚÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ°í ¿À¿°ÀÇ ºñ¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ï®Êª(Àü°¡)Çϸç ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ±ÝÀ¶Àû ¼ºÃë(âÀÇ) ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ºØ±«ÇÏ´Â ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇÀÇ áÕàõ(¼Ó¼º)Àº, ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇÀÇ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ Àüü ÀηùÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀ» À§ÇÑ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î À̲ø±â À§Çؼ °í¾ÈµÈ ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼, ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëü·Î µ¿ÀÇÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ºñÁî´Ï½ºµµ °úÇÐó·³ ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù.
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