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Crucially, the quizzes were presented as ¡°honour tests¡± that participants would mark themselves, reporting their own scores to the study¡¯s organisers. The quiz papers were unnumbered and thus appeared to be untraceable, and were thrown away at the end of the study. In fact, though, each had one unique question on it, meaning that it could be identified—and the papers were recovered and marked again by the researchers after they had been discarded.
Of participants told that they were wearing authentic designer sunglasses, 30% were found to have cheated, reporting that they had solved more problems than was actually the case. Of those who thought they were wearing fake sunglasses, by contrast, about 70% cheated.
The results were similar when the women completed a computer-based task that involved counting dots on a screen. In this case, the location of the dots determined the financial reward. The women who thought they were wearing counterfeits lied about those locations more often than those who did not.
In a third part of the study, the participants were asked questions about the honesty and ethics of people they knew and people in general. Those who thought they had knock-offs were more likely to say that people were dishonest and unethical.
A. ¾îÈÖ
crucially °áÁ¤ÀûÀ¸·Î, ¾ÆÁÖ Áß´ëÇϰÔ. honour tests ¹«°¨µ¶ ½ÃÇè.
untraceable ÃßÀûÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â, ã¾Æ³¾ ¼ö ¾ø´Â. participant Âü°¡ÀÚ.
discard ¹ö¸®´Ù, Æ÷±âÇÏ´Ù. authentic ÁøÂ¥ÀÇ, ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ, È®½ÇÇÑ.
fake °¡Â¥ÀÇ, À§Á¶ÀÇ. financial î¯ïÙ(ÀçÁ¤)ÀÇ, ±ÝÀ¶ÀÇ.
counterfeit Ù¼ðãù¡(¸ðÁ¶Ç°). ethics À±¸®, µµ´ö.
knock-offs ÜÜð²ù¡(º¹Á¦Ç°), Áß´Ü.
B. ±¸¹®<.b>
- Of participants told =Of participants who were told
C. ÓÞëù(´ëÀÇ)
Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ¼öÇа£ÀÌÅ×½ºÆ®´Â Âü°¡ÀÚµéÀÌ ½º½º·Î äÁ¡À» ÇØ¼ ¿¬±¸´ã´çÀÚ¿¡°Ô Á¡¼ö¸¦ ¾Ë¸®´Â ¡°¹«°¨µ¶ ½ÃÇ衱 À̶ó´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹®Á¦Áö´Â ¹®Á¦¹øÈ£°¡ ¾ø¾î¼ ÃßÀûÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô º¸¿´°í ¿¬±¸°¡ ³¡³ ÈÄ¿¡´Â Æó±âóºÐµÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »ç½ÇÀº °¢ ¹®Á¦Áö ¸¶´Ù ͳêó(°íÀ¯) ¹®Ç×(ÇØ´ç ¹®Á¦Áö¿¡¸¸ ÀÖ´Â ¹®Ç×)ÀÌ Çϳª¾¿ µé¾îÀÖ¾î¼ ¼öÇèÀÚÀÇ ½ÅºÐÀ» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù- ±×·¡¼ ¹®Á¦Áö´Â Æó±âµÈ ÈÄ¿¡ ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀÌ ´Ù½Ã â¥ËÛ(¼ö°Å)ÇÏ¿© äÁ¡À» ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
ÁøÂ¥ ¸íǰ ¼±±Û¶ó½º¸¦ Âø¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù°í µéÀº Âü°¡ÀÚµé Áß¿¡¼ 30%´Â Á¡¼ö¸¦ ¼Ó¿©¼ ½ÇÁ¦º¸´Ù ´õ ¸¹Àº ¹®Á¦¸¦ Ç®¾ú´Ù°í º¸°íÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í ´ëÁ¶ÀûÀ¸·Î °¡Â¥¸¦ Âø¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÑ Âü°¡ÀÚµéÀÇ 70%°¡ Á¡¼ö¸¦ ¼Ó¿´´Ù.
Âü°¡¿©¼ºµéÀÌ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ½ºÅ©¸°¿¡ ÂïÈù Á¡°ú °ü·ÃµÈ ÀÛ¾÷À» ÇÏ¿´À» ¶§µµ °á°ú´Â ºñ½ÁÇÏ¿´´Ù. À̹ø¿¡´Â Á¡ÀÇ À§Ä¡¿¡ µû¶ó º¸»ó±ÝÀÌ °áÁ¤µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¦ÅüÀ» Âø¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÑ ¿©¼ºµéÀÌ ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀº ¿©¼ºº¸´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÇ À§Ä¡¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼ ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¼¼ ¹øÂ° ¿¬±¸¿¡¼´Â Âü°¡ÀÚµéÀº ÀڽŵéÀÌ ¾Æ´Â »ç¶÷°ú ÀÏ¹Ý »ç¶÷µéÀÇ Á¤Á÷¼º°ú µµ´ö¼º¿¡ °üÇÑ Áú¹®¿¡ ´äÀ» ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¦ÅüÀ» Âø¿ëÇÑ ¿©¼ºµé °¡¿îµ¥¼ »ç¶÷µéÀº Á¤Á÷ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¸ç ºñÀ±¸®ÀûÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ´õ ¸¹¾Ò´Ù.
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