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Discriminating against people on the grounds of personal appearance should be banned, she says. It limits a person’s right to equal opportunity, reinforces the subordination of groups where unappealing characteristics, including obesity, are concentrated (ie, the poor, some ethnic minorities), and restricts self-expression. Yet because ugliness is harder to define than race or sex, some argue that anti-discrimination laws are impossible to maintain. And anyway, say employers, appearance is often relevant to the job at hand.
Ms Rhode sees the hurdles, but argues that they can be dealt with. In places where “lookism” is already prohibited (eg, Washington, DC), such statutes have not provoked a flood of frivolous cases, she says. Occasionally beauty is essential to a business (ie, modelling, but not air-hostessing). But concerns about an employee’s effectiveness often reflect the biases of employers, not customers. Laws influence attitudes over time, she says, by denying those with prejudices the opportunity to indulge them.
“Honey Money”, Catherine Hakim’s provocative book, is a different kettle of fish. Where Mr Hamermesh and Ms Rhode see discrimination, she sees an opportunity for women to enhance their power “in the bedroom and the boardroom”. She argues that “erotic capital” is an underrated class of personal asset, to set beside economic capital (what you have), human capital (what you know) and social capital (who you know). Ms Hakim attempts to quantify a complex mix of physical and social assets, consisting of beauty, sex appeal, self-presentation, social skills, liveliness and sexual competence. Like other sorts of capital, the erotic kind is important for success but unlike others it is largely independent of birth and class. It is especially valuable for poor people, young people, the newly arrived and the otherwise unqualified. In heterosexual settings it belongs primarily to women.

A. 어휘
Discriminate 차별하다. on the grounds of...를 근거로.
ban 금지하다. reinforces 강화시키다. subordination 隸屬(예속), 輕視(경시).
unappealing 매력이 없는, 호소력이 없는. characteristics 특징.
obesity 肥滿(비만). 종파. ethnic 인종. restricts 제한하다.
relevant 관련되다. hurdles 장애물, 곤란. prohibit 금지하다.
statutes 법령. frivolous 경솔한, 하찮은. cases 事例(사례), 소송사건, 문제.
Occasionally 가끔. air-hostessing 스튜어디스 일을 하다.
employee 피고용자. bias 편견. over time 시간이 감에 따라.
prejudices 편견. indulge 제멋대로 하게 두다, 마음껏 누리다.
provocative 도발적인. a different kettle of fish 별개 사항, 別問題(별문제).
enhance 향상하다. boardroom 중역 회의실. underrated 과소평가된.
class 部類(부류). asset 資産(자산). set beside 와 비교하다.
quantify 計量(계량)하다. self-presentation 자기표현.
independent of ...로부터 독립된. the newly arrived 새로 들어온 사람.
heterosexual 異性(이성)의.