41-5-171
For Mandela, refusing to negotiate was about tactics, not principles. Throughout his life, he has always made that distinction. His unwavering principle--the overthrow of apartheid and the achievement of one man, one vote-- was immutable, but almost anything that helped him get to that goal he regarded as a tactic. He is the most pragmatic of idealists.
'He's a historical man,' says Ramaphosa. 'He was thinking way ahead of us. He has posterity in mind: How will they view what we've done?' Prison gave him the ability to take the long view. It had to; there was no other view possible. He was thinking in terms of not days and weeks but decades. He knew history was on his side, that the result was inevitable; it was just a question of how soon and how it would be achieved. 'Things will be better in the long run,' he sometimes said. He always played for the long run.

No. 3
Lead from the back-- and let others believe they are in front
Mandela loved to reminisce about his boyhood and his lazy afternoons herding cattle. 'You know,' he would say, 'you can only lead them from behind.' He would then raise his eyebrows to make sure I got the analogy.
As a boy, Mandela was greatly influenced by Jongintaba, the tribal king who raised him. When Jongintaba had meetings of his court, the men gathered in a circle, and only after all had spoken did the king begin to speak. The chief's job, Mandela said, was not to tell people what to do but to form a consensus. 'Don't enter the debate too early,' he used to say.

A. 어휘
for Mandela 만델라로서는. distinction 차이, 구별. unwavering 흔들리지 않는.
one man, one vote 1人 1票(표). immutable 불변의. pragmatic 실용적인.
way ahead of us 우리보다 훨씬 앞서서. cf. way=very. posterity 後代(후대), 자손.
inevitable 피할 수 없는, 필연적인. in the long run 긴 안목으로 보면, 결국은.
reminisce 추억하다. herd (소나 양을) 모으다, 떼를 짓다. eyebrow 눈썹.
analogy 類推(유추). tribal 部族(부족)의. court 궁중회의, 朝廷(조정).
consensus [의견의] 일치, 합의. debate 토론.

B. 구문
- did→begin 을 강조.

41-6-172
During the time I worked with Mandela, he often called meetings of his kitchen cabinet at his home in Houghton, a lovely old suburb of Johannesburg. He would gather half a dozen men, Ramaphosa, Thabo Mbeki (who is now the South African President) and others around the dining-room table or sometimes in a circle in his driveway. Some of his colleagues would shout at him-- to move faster, to be more radical-- and Mandela would simply listen. When he finally did speak at those meetings, he slowly and methodically summarized everyone's points of view and then unfurled his own thoughts, subtly steering the decision in the direction he wanted without imposing it. The trick of leadership is allowing yourself to be led too. 'It is wise,' he said, 'to persuade people to do things and make them think it was their own idea.'

No. 4
Know your enemy-- and learn about his favorite sport
As far back as the 1960s, Mandela began studying Afrikaans, the language of the white South Africans who created apartheid. His comrades in the ANC teased him about it, but he wanted to understand the Afrikaner's worldview; he knew that one day he would be fighting them or negotiating with them, and either way, his destiny was tied to theirs.

A. 어휘
kitchen cabinet [대통령. 장관 등의] 私設(사설) 고문단. driveway 저택내의 차도.
radical 급진적인, 과격한.
methodically [구체적으로 사물이] 整然(정연)하게, 조직적으로, 꼼꼼하게.
summarize 요약하다. unfurl 펼치다, 휘날리다. subtly 미묘하게, 교묘하게.
steer 조종하다. impose [권위. 독단 따위로] 강요하다. trick 비법, 책략.
Africaans 아프리칸스[17세기 네덜란드語에서 발달한 남아프리카 공화국의 公用語(공용어)중의 하나].
tease ...을 놀리다. Afrikaner 남아프리카 태생의 백인. worldview 세계관.
destiny 운명.