49b-5-216
All the South Korean shipbuilders throw a lot of money at research and development. Each has a large design institute, and they generously support university engineering faculties.
Mr Nam is also sanguine about the effect of shipping's notorious boom-and-bust cycles on his business. Patterns of global logistics are changing, he says, spurred by a growth in world trade and a China-led hunger for resources, so more ships are needed overall, not just new kinds. Climate change, Mr Nam says, offers further opportunities. The potential viability of Arctic sea routes in future is prompting a demand for vessels strengthened to withstand ice. Another growth area is 'winterising' oil rigs to cope with drilling in cold climates. Pressure for cleaner transport also helps (bunker fuel used by most of the world's shipping is filthy).
Okpo is a company town where DSME has its own hospital, cinemas and international school for the families of overseas clients who come to keep an eye on their ships under construction. There are dormitories for single young men and women respectively, one on each side of the bay. Internet forums host thriving dating and matchmaking services, and newly married couples get to move out of the dormitories into their own flats. The town has an income per person of over $30,000, the second-highest in the country.

A. 어휘
institute 연구소. generously 아낌없이, 관대하게. engineering 工學(공학).
faculties 敎授陣(교수진). sanguine 낙관적인, 쾌활한. bust 불경기, 强打(강타).
boom-and-bust cycles 호황과 불황의 週期(주기). logistics 物流(물류), 兵站(병참).
spur 拍車(박차)를 가하다, 격려하다, 고무하다. overall 전체적으로.
potential 잠재적인. viability 성장력, 생존능력. sea routes 航路(항로). Arctic 북극.
prompt 재촉하다, 자극하다. demand for vessels 선박수요. withstand 견디어 내다.
cope with 대처하다, 대항하다. drilling 試錐(시추). bunker oil 벙커油(유).
shipping 해운업. filthy 더러운. keep an eye on 감독하다. dormitory 기숙사.
respectively 각각. each side of the bay 灣(만)의 양쪽에. host 주최하다.
matchmaking 仲媒(중매). flat 아파트.

B. 구문
- Patterns of global logistics . . . hunger for resources.
cf. spurred= being spurred= which is spurred
[세계무역의 증가와 중국의 자원탐욕에 자극 받아서 세계의 물자수송형태가 변화하고 있다.]

49b-6-217
Iron constitution
Daewoo Shipbuilding was nationalised when the Daewoo chaebol of which it formed a part continued to pile up debts even when the financial crisis was over, entering new businesses with what turned out to be criminal insouciance. Kim Woo-choong, the chaebol's founder, eventually admitted to accounting fraud and embezzlement worth over $30 billion, and in 2006 was sentenced to ten years in jail before being pardoned. Yet the company's shipbuilding arm has thrived.
The government has floated a minority of DSME's shares on the stockmarket. Later this year it is due to sell the controlling stake to one of four prospective buyers. Among the bidders is POSCO, the shipbuilder's main steel supplier, which itself was started from scratch by the state in the late 1960s, using $120m of war reparations paid after Japan and South Korea normalised their relations. Foreign investors and development experts in Washington, DC, had given warning that a dirt-poor country like South Korea should not aim for self-sufficiency in steel. Yet the company, which was privatised after the 1997 financial crisis, has become a symbol of national pride. POSCO fed the country's industrial beast and is now, by several measures, the world's most efficient steel producer.

A. 어휘
constitution 구조, 구성, 헌법. nationalise 국유화하다. pile up 쌓아 올리다.
financial crisis 재정위기. insouciance 무관심, 부주의, 無事泰平(무사태평).
accounting 회계, 경리. fraud 사기, 협잡. embezzlement 착복, 橫領(횡령).
sentence 선고하다. pardon 용서하다.
float [公債(공채), 주식을] 시장에 팔다, 유통시키다. minority 소수. share 주식.
be due to+V→...할 예정이다. cf. due to+Noun→...때문에. stake 내기에 건 돈.
controlling stake 지배주식. prospective 유망한, 장래의. bidder 입찰자, 경매자.
from scratch 無(무)에서부터, 아주 처음부터. reparation 賠償(배상), 보상.
normalise 정상화하다. investor 투자자. dirt-poor 極貧(극빈)의. dirt 먼지.
self-sufficiency 自給自足(자급자족). privatise 私有化(사유화)하다.
feed-fed-fed 먹이다. measure 척도. efficient 능률적인.

B. 구문
- Daewoo Shipbuilding was . . . to be criminal insouciance.
[대우조선은 금융위기가 끝났는데도 대우조선이 속해 있는 대우재벌이 범죄적 직무 태만으로 판명된 새로운 사업을 시작하여 부채의 累積(누적)이 계속될 때 국유화 되었다.]
- war reparations paid . . . their relations.
[일본과 한국이 관계를 정상화한 후에 지불된 전쟁보상금]