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FREEEDOM ±³¾ç¿µ¾î (180): Moby Dick (Excerpt)

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So strongly and metaphysically did I conceive of my situation then, that while earnestly watching his motions, I seemed distinctly to perceive that my own individuality was now merged in a joint stock company of two: that my free will had received a mortal wound; and that another¡¯s mistake or misfortune might plunge innocent me into unmerited disaster and death. Therefore, I saw that here was a sort of interregnum in Providence; for its even-handed equity never could have sanctioned so gross an injustice. And yet still pondering¡ªwhile I jerked him now and then from between the whale and the ship, which would threaten to jam him¡ªstill pondering I saw that this situation of mine was the precise situation of every mortal that breathes; only, in most cases, he, one way or other, has this Siamese connexion with a plurality of other mortals. If your banker breaks, you snap; if your apothecary by mistake send you poison in your pills, you die. True, you may say that, by exceeding caution, you may possibly escape these and the multitudinous other evil chances of life. But handle Queequeg¡¯s monkey rope heedfully as I would, sometimes he jerked it so, that I came very near sliding overboard. Nor could I possibly forget that, do what I would, I only had the management of one end of it.


I have hinted that I would often jerk poor Queequeg from between the whale and the ship¡ªwhere he would occasionally fall, from the incessant rolling and swaying of both. But this was not the only jamming jeopardy he was exposed to. Unappalled by the massacre made upon them during the night, the sharks now freshly and more keenly allured by the before pent blood which began to flow from the carcase¡ªthe rabid creatures swarmed round it like bees in beehive.


And right in among the those sharks was Queegueg; who often pushed them aside with his floundering feet. A thing altogether incredible were it not that attracted by such prey as a dead whale, the otherwise miscellaneously carnivorous shark will seldom touch a man.


±×¶§ ³ª´Â ³»°¡ óÇØ ÀÖ´Â »óȲÀ» ³Ê¹«³ª °­·ÂÇÏ°Ô ±×¸®°í ³Ê¹«³ª ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÏ¿´±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×ÀÇ(Queequeg) µ¿ÀÛÀ» ÁøÁöÇÏ°Ô ÁöÄѺ¼ µ¿¾È¿¡, ³» ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °³¼ºÀº 2¸íÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ ´Üü ¼Ó¿¡ Áö±Ý À¶ÇյǾî ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ», ±×¸®°í ³ªÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯ÀÇÁö´Â Ä¡¸íÀûÀÎ ¼Õ»óÀ» ÀÔ¾ú°í, »ó´ë¹æÀÇ ½Ç¼ö³ª ºÒ¿îÀº ÁË ¾ø´Â ³ª¸¦ ºÎ´çÇÑ Àç¾Ó°ú Á×À½ ¼ÓÀ¸·Î ºü¶ß¸± ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ³ª´Â ¶Ñ·ÇÀÌ °¨ÁöÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °Íó·³ º¸¿´´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ³ª´Â ¿©±â¿¡¼­ ãê(Providence)ÀÇ ÅëÄ¡Áß´ÜÀ» º¸¾Ò´Ù(¸¸¹°À» °üÇÒÇÏ´Â ãêÀÇ ¼·¸®°¡ ÁߴܵȴÙ) : ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé ãê(¼·¸®)ÀÇ °ø¸íÁ¤´ëÇÑ ¹ý(equity)ÀÌ ±×·¸°Ô Á¶¾ÇÇÑ ºÒÀǸ¦ ¿ëÀÎÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ¾ø¾úÀ» °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ´õ ±íÀÌ »ý°¢Çϸ鼭 ±×¸¦¡ª °í·¡¿Í ¹è »çÀÌ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±×¸¦, ±×·¡¼­ »çÀÌ¿¡ ³¢¿©¼­ Áþ´­¸± À§ÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ±×¸¦¡ª°¡²û È´ Àâ¾Æ´ç±æ µ¿¾È¿¡, ´õ¿í ´õ ±íÀÌ »ý°¢Çϸ鼭, ³ªÀÇ ÀÌ·± »óȲÀº Á¤È®È÷ ¼ûÀ» ½¬´Â ¸ðµç »ç¶÷ÀÇ »óȲÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù; ´ÜÁö ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡, ÀÌ·± Àú·± ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ¸ðµç Àΰ£Àº ´Ù¸¥ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µé°ú ÇÔ²² ÀÌ·± ¼¤½ÖµÕÀÌ °°Àº ¿¬°áÀ» °¡Áö°Ô µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù; ´ç½ÅÀÌ °Å·¡ÇÏ´Â ÀºÇàÀÌ ÆÄ»êÇÏ¸é ´ç½Åµµ ¸ÁÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ¾à»ç°¡ ½Ç¼ö·Î ´ç½ÅÀÇ ¾à ¼Ó¿¡ µ¶¾àÀ» ³Ö¾î¼­ º¸³½´Ù¸é, ´ç½ÅÀº Á״´Ù. Áø½Ç·Î, ´ç½ÅÀº ±ØÈ÷ Á¶½ÉÇÔ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ÀÌ·± Àϵé°ú ´Ù¼öÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ »îÀÌ °¡Á®¿À´Â »ç¾ÇÇÑ ¿î¸í(chances)À» ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª QueequegÀÇ ¸ÛÅ°·ÎÇÁ¸¦ ³»°¡ ¾Æ¹«¸® Á¶½É½º·´°Ô ´Ù·ç´õ¶óµµ °¡²û ±×°¡ ¸ÛÅ°·ÎÇÁ¸¦ È´ Àâ¾Æ´ç±â´Â ¹Ù¶÷¿¡ ³»°¡ ¹è ¹ÛÀ¸·Î °ÅÀÇ ¹Ì²ô·¯Á® ¶³¾îÁú ¹ø ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ³ª´Â ³»°¡ ¾Æ¹«¸® ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿©µµ ³ª´Â ¹åÁÙÀÇ ÇÑ ÂÊ ³¡¸¸ Á¶Á¾ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» »ÓÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» °áÄÚ ÀØÀ» ¼ö°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù.


³ª´Â °¡²û¾¿ °í·¡¿Í ¹è »çÀÌ¿¡ Àִ¡ªQueequeg¿Í ¹è µÑ ´Ù°¡ »óÇÏÁ¿ì·Î ³¡¾øÀÌ ¿äµ¿Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Á¾Á¾ ±×´Â ±× »çÀÌ¿¡ ¶³¾îÁö°ï ÇÏ¿´´Ù¡ªºÒ½ÖÇÑ Queequeg¸¦ °¡²û È´ Àâ¾Æ´ç±â°Ô µÉ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¾Ï½ÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ±×°¡ ´çÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ Áþ´­¸²ÀÇ À§ÇèÀº ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù. ¹ã µ¿¾È¿¡ ±×µé¿¡°Ô °¡ÇØÁø ÇлìÀ» ¾Æ¶û°÷ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, »çü(°í·¡)·ÎºÎÅÍ Èê·¯³ª¿À±â ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â, Àü¿¡ °í¿© ÀÖ´ø ÇÇ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ »ý»ýÇÏ°Ô ±×¸®°í ´õ ¿¹¹ÎÇÏ°Ô ¸ÅȤµÈ »ó¾îµéÀÌ, ¹ÌÃÄ ³¯¶Ù´Â »ó¾îµé(creatures)ÀÌ, ¹úÁýÀÇ ¹ú ¶¼Ã³·³ »çüÁÖÀ§·Î ¸ð¿©µé¾ú´Ù.


±×¸®°í ¹Ù·Î ±× »ó¾îµé °¡¿îµ¥¿¡ Queequeg°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù; ±×´Â »ó¾îµéÀ» Á¾Á¾ ¹°¿¡ Àá±ä µÎ ¹ß·Î ¹Ð¾î³»¾ú´Ù. Á×Àº °í·¡¿Í °°Àº ¸ÔÀÌ¿¡ ¸ÅȤµÇ¾î¼­, ´Ù¸¥ ¶§ °°À¸¸é Àâ´ÙÇÏ°Ô À°½ÄÀ» ÇÏ´Â »ó¾î°¡ »ç¶÷À» °ÅÀÇ °Çµå¸®Áö ¾Ê´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é, ÀÌ·± ÀÏÀº °ÅÀÇ ¹ÏÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù.

 


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À̼ºÀûÀ¸·Î ¼¼°è¸¦ ¹Ù¶óº¸¸é ¼¼°è´Â Á¤ÀǸ¦ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô Çϸç Á¢±ÙÀ» ºÒÇãÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¼¼°è¸¦ Á¢±Ù °¡´ÉÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹Ù¶óº¸´Â ¸ù»ó°¡¸¦ ¼¼°è´Â »ïÄѹö¸°´Ù. IshmaelÀº ¡°¹Ù´Ù¸¦ ÀÀ½ÃÇÏ´Â °Í¡±ÀÇ À§ÇèÀ» ÀǽÄÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ù´ÙÀÇ ¸ðÈ£¼º°ú ¹«Çü ¼ÓÀ¸·Î »ç¶óÁö´Â PequodÈ£´Â IshmaelÀÇ ¿ì·Á¸¦ ÀÔÁõÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Àڸ꿡 ÀÇÇؼ­¸¸ PequodÈ£´Â ¹é»öÀ» ¶Õ°í µé¾î°£´Ù. IshmaelÀº ¸ðÈ£¼º°ú ¹«ÇѼºÀ» ¼ö¿ëÇϸ鼭µµ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¤Ã¼¼ºÀ» À¯ÁöÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â Ç×Çظ¦ ¼ö¿ëÇϸ鼭µµ Ç×ÇØ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °øÆ÷¸¦ ´À³¢¸é¼­, ¹Ù´ÙÀÇ ¸ðÈ£¼º ¼ÓÀ¸·Î ¸ôÀÔÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í Ç×Çظ¦ Á¤ÁöÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀÚ¸êÀ» ¸éÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ±×´Â Ç㹫ÀÇ ¹é»öÀ» °ÅºÎÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¤Ã¼¼ºÀ» ÁöÅ°°í Ç㹫ÀÇ ¹Ù´Ù¿¡¼­ ÀÍ»çÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ±¸Á¶µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.


AhabÀÇ ºñ±ØÀûÀÎ ¿î¸íÀº Á¤Áö »óÅ¿¡¼­ ¸Ó¹°±â¸¦ °ÅºÎÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀϾ´Â °á°úÀÌ´Ù. AhabÀÇ µ¿±â´Â ÀÚ¿¬¿¡ º¹¼öÇÏ°í ãê¿¡°Ô ¹ÝÇ×ÇÏ´Â ¾Ç¸¶Àû ÀÚÁ¸½É(satanic pride)º¸´Ù ´õ ±íÀº °÷¿¡ ³õ¿© ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â ±ÝÀüÀûÀ¸·Î °è»êÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ¾î¶² °¡Ä¡¸¦ Ãß±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±³È¯ÀÇ ¸Å°³¹°ÀÎ µ·Àº ±×¿¡°Ô´Â °¡Ä¡¸¦ Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â »ó¡ÀûÀÎ ¼ö´Ü¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ´Ù. ±×´Â °í·¡ÀÇ ±ÝÀüÀû °¡Ä¡¸¦ ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº À̼ºÀûÀÎ »ç°íÀÇ °ÅºÎÀÌ´Ù.


±×´Â °¡½ÃÀûÀÎ »ç¹°°ú À¯µ¿ÀûÀÎ ¼¼°è¸¦ ±¸ºÐÇÑ´Ù. ±×¿¡°Ô´Â ¡®Àΰ£°ú ¸ðµç »ç¹°Àº °íÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê°í ºÐ¸®µÇ¾î ´Þ¾Æ³­´Ù.¡¯ °¡½ÃÀûÀÎ »ç¹°Àº ´ÜÁö ¡®Á¾ÀÌ°¡¸é¡¯¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ´Ù. °¡¸éÀÇ º®À» Çã¹°°í ¡°Á¸ÀçÀÇ ±¸¼®Áø °÷¡±À¸·Î µé¾î°¡¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. AhabÀÇ Á×À½Àº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ³í¸®ÀÇ °á°úÀÌ´Ù. ±×¿¡°Ô´Â Èò °í·¡ Moby DickÀÌ º®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÛ»ìÀ» ´øÁö¸ç º®À» ¶Õ°í µé¾î°£´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¡°ºñ·Ï °í·¡¿¡ ¸öÀÌ ¹­¿© ÀÖÁö¸¸¡¦ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ Ãß°ÝÇϸ鼭¡¦¡± ¹Ù´Ù ¼ÓÀ¸·Î »ç¶óÁø´Ù. »ç¹°Àº °üÅëÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×¸®°í ±×ÀÇ °¡Á¤Àº ¿À·ùÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ AhabÀº Á״´Ù. ÃÖÈÄÀÇ Èò °í·¡ Ãß°ÝÀÌ Àֱ⠿À·¡ Àü¿¡ AhabÀÌ ¸»ÇϵíÀÌ ¡®±× Á×Àº ±×¸®°í ´«¸Õ º®Àº ¸ðµç ij¹¯±â ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â ¸Ó¸®µéÀ» ±× º®¿¡ Ãæµ¹½ÃŲ´Ù.¡¯ AhabÀº ½ÇÀç(reality)¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϱâ À§ÇØ Ç×Çظ¦ ±Ø´Ü±îÁö °¨ÇàÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¸ñ¼ûÀ» ÀҴ´Ù. ±×¸®°í Àΰ£ÀÇ Áö¼º°ú ±× Áö¼ºÀÌ Å½±¸ÇÏ´Â ¼¼°è »çÀÌ¿¡´Â Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¿ëÀÎÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µÈ´Ù.


±×´Â Üôʦú°(ºÒ°¡ÇØ)ÇÑ ¼¼°è¿Í Á÷¸éÇØ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â Àǹ̰¡ ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ¸ÅȤÀûÀÌÁö¸¸ Æı«ÀûÀΠʣØü(°¡¸é)°ú Á÷¸éÇØ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â Àΰ£ÀûÀÎ Àǹ̰¡ ¾ø´Â º®°ú ¸¶ÁÖ ¼­ ÀÖ´Ù. AhabÀº ¡°Àú ºÒ°¡ÇØÇÑ °ÍÀ» Áõ¿ÀÇÑ´Ù.¡±°í ¼±¾ðÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ À¯È¤ÇÏ´Â ÀǹÌÀÇ ¸ðÈ£¼º°ú Ž±¸ÇÏ´Â Á¤½Å¿¡ ÀúÇ×ÇÏ´Â »ç¹°À» Áõ¿ÀÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ±×ÀÇ ¡®»îÀÇ Çൿ¡¯Àº ¹ÝÇ×ÀÇ ÇൿÀ¸·Î º¯ÇÑ´Ù. 


¡®Moby Dick¡¯¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ÃÖ´ëÀÇ ¿ª¼³Àº Ç×ÇØÀÇ Çʿ伺°ú ½ÇÆÐÀÇ Çʿ伺ÀÌ´Ù. Àΰ£À¸·Î¼­ Áö½ÄÀÇ Å½±¸´Â ÇʼöÀûÀÌ´Ù. ±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ °Í, ãêÀûÀÎ °Í, ºÒ°¡ÇØÇÑ °Í¿¡·ÎÀÇ Ç×ÇØ´Â Àΰ£¿¡°Ô ÇʼöÀûÀÎ »îÀÇ ÇൿÀ̸ç Àΰ£ ¿µÈ¥ÀÇ ¼Ó¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª AhabÀÇ Æı«ÀûÀÎ Áö½ÄÃß±¸´Â Ç㹫·Î ¿ëÇØµÇ¾î ¹ö¸°´Ù. AhabÀº ±Ø´Ü¿¡±îÁö »ó¡Àû Ç×Çظ¦ Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Ù°¡ ±× Ç×ÇØÀÇ ¹«ÀÍÇÔÀ» ±ú´ÞÀ¸¸é¼­ Æĸê´çÇÏ´Â Ç㹫ÁÖÀÇÀÚÀÌ´Ù.

 

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