Áö³ 2ÀÏ Å¸°áµÈ ÇÑ¹Ì ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤¿¡¼ ³²ÇѰú ¹Ì±¹ ¾ç±¹Àº ºÏÇÑÀÇ °³¼º°ø´Ü Á¦Ç°À» ³²ÇÑ»êÀ¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼± ÃßÈÄ¿¡ ¡®Çѹݵµ ¿ª¿Ü°¡°øÁö¿ª À§¿øÈ¸¡¯¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇØ °ËÅäÇϰڴٴ °á·Ð¸¸ ³»·È½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·± °¡¿îµ¥ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Çѹݵµ Àü¹®°¡ÀÎ ¸¶Ä¿½º ³î·£µå(Marcus Noland) ÇÇÅͽ¼ ±¹Á¦°æÁ¦¿¬±¸¿ø ¼±ÀÓ¿¬±¸¿øÀº ÀÚÀ¯¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¹æ¼Û°úÀÇ È¸°ß¿¡¼ °¡±î¿î Àå·¡¿¡ °³¼º°ø´Ü Á¦Ç°ÀÌ ¹Ì±¹ ¶¥¿¡ µµÂøÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀº ¾ø´Ù°í ºÐ¼®Çß½À´Ï´Ù.
--³²ÇÑ¿¡¼´Â À̹ø¿¡ Ÿ°áµÈ ÇÑ¹Ì ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤¿¡ ¡®Çѹݵµ ¿ª¿Ü°¡°øÁö¿ª(Outward Processing Zone)¹®Á¦¸¦ ³íÀÇÇÏ´Â À§¿øÈ¸¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù¡¯´Â Á¶Ç× ¶§¹®¿¡ °³¼º°ø´Ü Á¦Ç°À» ³²ÇÑ»êÀ¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤ÇØÁÖ´Â ¹®Á¦µµ »ç½Ç»ó Ç®¸° °Ô ¾Æ´Ï³Ä´Â ºÐÀ§±âÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹Ì±¹ Ãø ÇØ¼®Àº ¾î¶»½À´Ï±î?
Noland: There are two issues here. The first one is that the US congress has been very reluctant to grant extraterritorial free trade status in previous FTAs. There was one case, FTA with Singapore in which the US negotiated FTA in which industrial park in Indonesia was given duty free status. But the Congress didn't like this at all and they said they didn't want the trade negotiators to do this in the future because if you follow that route, you're establishing legal commitment over territory in which your partner is not sovereign...
¿©±â¿£ µÎ °¡Áö ¹®Á¦°¡ °É·ÁÀִµ¥¿ä, ¿ì¼±Àº ¹Ì±¹ ÀÇȸ°¡ °ú°Å¿¡µµ ´Ù¸¥ ±¹°¡µé°ú ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤À» ü°áÇÒ ¶§ ¿ª¿ÜÁö¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀÚÀ¯ ¹«¿ª Ư·Ê¸¦ ÁÖ·Á°í ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±× ÀÌÀ¯´Â ¿ª¿ÜÁö¿ªÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ °æ¿ì ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤À» ¸ÎÀº »ó´ë ±¹°¡°¡ ÁÖ±ÇÀ» °®Áö ¾Ê´Â Áö¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ ¹ýÀûÀΠåÀÓÀ» Áö°Ô µÇ±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
´ÙÀ½À¸·Î ¹Ì±¹Àº °³¼º°ø´Ü°ú °ü·ÃÇØ ºÏÇѰú ÇØ°áÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ¸¹Àº ¿Ü±³ÀûÀÎ ¹®Á¦µéÀ» ¾È°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î ¹Ì±¹Àº ºÏÇÑÀÇ ÇÙ °èȹ°ú À§Á¶ ÈÆó ¹®Á¦ µîÀ» µé ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °³¼º°ø´Ü¿¡ À־ ±Ù·ÎÀÚÀÇ ±Ç¸®¿Í ³ëµ¿ ±âÁØÀÌ ±¹Á¦±âÁØ¿¡ ¸ø ¹ÌÄ£´Ù´Â ¹®Á¦°¡ °É¸³´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ÀϺΠº¸µµÃ³·³ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¹«¿ª Çù»ó°¡µéÀÌ °³¼º°ø´Ü Á¦Ç°À» ³²ÇÑ»êÀ¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤Çϱâ·Î ÇùÀÇÇß´Ù´Â ÁÖÀåÀº »ç½Ç ¹Ï±â°¡ Èûµì´Ï´Ù. ¶Ç ±×·² °æ¿ì ¹Ì ÀÇȸÀÇ ºñÁØÀ» ¾ò±âµµ Èûµé °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
--¹Ì±¹Àº Çù»ó Ãʱ⠰³¼º°ø´ÜÀº Çù»ó ´ë»óÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸ç ¹öÅ߿Դµ¥¿ä, ±×·¸´Ù¸é À̹ø¿¡ ¹Ì±¹ ÃøÀÌ ±âÁ¸ ÀÔÀå¿¡¼ ÇÑ ¹ß ¾çº¸ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¾´Ï±î?
Noland: No. I think this solution was a solution that a number of ours has been suggesting as a diplomatic compromise, It doesn't commit the US any particular course of action.
¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¾çº¸°¡ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. À̹ø ¹æ½ÄÀº ¿Ü±³Àû ŸÇùÃ¥À¸·Î ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Á¦±âÇÑ ÇØ¹ýÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Çѹݵµ ¿ª¿Ü°¡°øÁö¿ª À§¿øÈ¸ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ ÇÑ´Ù°í ÇØ¼ ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ Æ¯º°È÷ ¾î¶² ÇൿÀ» ÃëÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¾à¼ÓÇϰí ÀÖÁø ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
--±×·¸´Ù¸é Çѹݵµ ¿ª¿Ü°¡°øÁö¿ª À§¿øÈ¸¸¦ ÃßÈÄ¿¡ ¼³Ä¡Çϱâ·Î ÇÑ °áÁ¤Àº ¾î¶»°Ô ÇØ¼®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?
Noland: The establishment of this commission is kind of our face saving way to allow the SKorean side to say it has established a framework that sometime in the future that Kaesong could be included in the agreement. This compromise isn't completely without merit. It could have useful purpose sometime in the future when the political and economic conditions have changed more in NKorea.
À§¿øÈ¸ ¼³Ä¡´Â ¾îÂ¸é ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ ³ª¸§´ë·Î ü¸éÀ» Â÷¸®¸é¼µµ ³²ÇÑÀº ³²ÇÑ´ë·Î °³¼º°ø´Ü Á¦Ç°¹®Á¦ÀÇ ³²ÇÑ»ê ÀÎÁ¤ÀÌ ÇâÈÄ ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤¿¡ Æ÷Ç﵃ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ±âº» ƲÀ» ¼³Ä¡Çß´Ù°í ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÑ °ÍÀÌÁÒ. À̹ø ŸÇù¾È¿¡ ÀåÁ¡ÀÌ Çϳªµµ ¾ø´Ù°ï ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ¹Ì·¡ ¾î´À ½ÃÁ¡¿¡ ºÏÇÑ¿¡ Á¤Ä¡Àû °æÁ¦Àû ¿©°ÇÀÇ º¯È°¡ ¿Â´Ù¸é À̹ø ÇùÁ¤Àº À¯¿ëÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀ» °®°Ô µÉ ¼ö Àְŵç¿ä.
--Áö±Ý ¸»¾¸ÇϽŠºÏÇÑÀÇ °æÁ¦Àû ±×¸®°í Á¤Ä¡Àû ¿©°Ç º¯ÈÀÇ ¿¹¸¦ µç´Ù¸é, ¾î¶² °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖÀ»±î¿ä?
Noland: It may be the case that conditions in NKorea in some future they change sufficiently that one would want to give duty free treatment to these products and this sets the mechanism to do so. It is also the case that will NKorea to collapse suddenly...
¾ÕÀ¸·Î ºÏÇÑ ³» ¿©°ÇÀÌ ÃæºÐÈ÷ º¯ÈµÅ °³¼º°ø´Ü Á¦Ç°ÀÇ ¸é¼¼ Á¶Ä¡¸¦ ÃëÇϰíÀÚ ÇÒ °æ¿ì Çѹݵµ ¿ª¿Ü°¡°ø Áö¿ªÀ§¿øÈ¸·Î ÇØ°áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ºÏÇÑÀÌ °©Àڱ⠺ر«µÉ °æ¿ì ³²ÇÑ¿¡ Èí¼öµÈ´Ù¸é, À̹ø ÇùÁ¤Àº »¡¸® ºÏÇÑ»ê Á¦Ç°ÀÌ ¹Ì±¹¿¡ ¸é¼¼·Î ¼öÃâµÉ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Çϰí, ¶Ç ºÏÇÑÀÌ °æÁ¦°³¹ß ºÎ¹®¿¡¼ ´Ü¹ø¿¡ µµ¾àÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï µµ¿ÍÁÖ´Â ¼ö´ÜÀÌ µÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
--ºÏÇÑÀÇ Åµµº¯È°¡ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ¹Ì±¹µµ °³¼º°ø´Ü Á¦Ç°À» ³²ÇÑ»êÀ¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¾´Ï±î?
Noland: The US side might show more flexibility with respect to Kaesong. But I would caution my view is that those developments if they were to occur all a long way off. I don't see products from KS entering the US duty free anytime in foreseeable future.
±×·² °æ¿ì ¹Ì±¹Àº °³¼º°ø´Ü°ú °ü·ÃÇØ ´õ¿í ´õ À¯¿¬ÇÑ ÀÚ¼¼¸¦ º¸ÀÏ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ºÏÇÑ¿¡ ±×·± º¯È°¡ ÇÑÂü ÈÄ¿¡ ÀÏ¾î³´Ù¸é ¹®Á¦´Â ´Þ¶óÁý´Ï´Ù. Á¦ »ý°¢À¸·Ð °³¼º°ø´Ü¿¡¼ ¸¸µç Á¦Ç°ÀÌ ³²ÇÑ»êÀ¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤µÅ ¹Ì±¹¿¡ ¸é¼¼·Î ¼öÃâµÉ ÀÏÀº °¡±î¿î ¹Ì·¡¿¡´Â ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ¾î·Á¿ï °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
--Áö±Ý ÇÑ¹Ì ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤À» ³õ°í ¹Ì±¹ ÀÇȸ¿¡¼ ¹Ý´ëÀÇ ¸ñ¼Ò¸®°¡ µé¸®´Âµ¥, ÇâÈÄ Àü¸ÁÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô º¾´Ï±î?
Noland: Yes. I think the trade pact will pass the US congress. Of course there are opposition. The most vocal opponents at this point are probably members of congressional delegation from the state Michigan where the automobile assembly companies are headquartered. But in the past the congress has passed these agreements...
°á±¹Àº ¹Ì±¹ ÀÇȸ°¡ ºñÁØÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð ¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Â ÀÇ¿øµéµµ ÀÖÁö¸¸¿ä. ÇöÀç °¡Àå ¹Ý¹ßÇϰí ÀÖ´Â ÀÇ¿øµéÀº ÀÚµ¿Â÷ ºÎǰ Á¶¸³ ȸ»çµéÀÇ Áß½ÉÁöÀÎ ¹Ì½Ã°£ ÁÖ ÇÏ¿øÀÇ¿øµé·Î º¸À̴µ¥¿ä. ±×·¸´õ¶óµµ ¹Ì ÀÇȸ´Â °ú°ÅÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤À» °ÅÀÇ ´Ù ºñÁØÀ» Ç߱⠶§¹®¿¡ °¡´É¼ºÀº ³ô´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ³²ÇѰúÀÇ ¹«¿ª¿¡ ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ ¹Þ´Â Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ °æÁ¦Àû ¿µÇâÀº ¹Ì¹ÌÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Çѱ¹°úÀÇ ±³¿ªÀº 3%¹Û¿¡ Â÷ÁöÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Åµç¿ä.
--¹Ì±¹ ÀÇȸÀÇ ºñÁØÀÌ ¼ö¿ùÇÒ °ÍÀ̶õ Àü¸ÁÀ» Çϼ̴µ¥¿ä, À̹ø ÇÑ¹Ì ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤ Ÿ°á·Î ±×°£ ³²ÇѰú ¹Ì±¹ »çÀÌÀÇ ¸¹Àº ¾î·Á¿òÀÌ ±Øº¹µÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®Àΰ¡¿ä?
Noland: The agreement probably actually has greater political and diplomatic significance as you know relation between Seoul and Washington has not been in the last several years.
ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤À» ³õ°í »ç½Ç»ó Áö³ ¸î ³â°£ ³²ÇѰú ¹Ì±¹Àº ÀüÇô ÁøÀüÀ» º¸ÀÌÁö ¸øÇϰí ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ÀÌÁ¦ Àß Çù»óÀ» ¸¶¹«¸® Ç߰ŵç¿ä. µû¶ó¼ À̹ø ÇùÁ¤Àº ½ÇÁúÀûÀ¸·Î ´õ Å« Á¤Ä¡Àû, ±×¸®°í ¿Ü±³ÀûÀ¸·Î Á߿伺À» ¶ì°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ç ³ª¶ó Á¤ºÎ°¡ ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ªÇùÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÇùÁ¶ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í ÇÕÀÇ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇß´Ù´Â Á¡Àº À¯ÀÍÇÑ Á¶ÁüÀÌ µÈ´Ù°í º¾´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ¹Ì ÀÇȸ Åë°ú Àü¸ÁÀº ³ô½À´Ï´Ù.
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