Profit and the public good ¨ç

Companies that merely compete and prosper make society better off
9. Profit and the public good (Excerpt)
(The Economist February 5th 2005)

Companies that merely compete and prosper make society better off

9-1-45

Adam Smith, you might say, wrote the book on corporate social responsibility. It is entitled, 'Wealth of Nation'.

Every individual necessarily labours to render the annual revenue of the society as great as he can. He generally, indeed, neither intends to promote the public interest, nor knows how much he is promoting it....he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of his intention. Nor is it always the worse for the society that it was no part of it. By pursuing his own interest he frequently promote that of the society more effectually than when he really intends to promote it. I have never known much good done by those who affected to trade for the public good.

It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. We address ourselves, not to their humanity but to their self-love, and never talk to them of our own necessities but of their advantages.
Smith did not worship selfishness. He regarded benevolence as admirable, as a great virtue, and he saw the instinct for sympathy toward one's fellow man as the foundation on which civilised conduct is built (he wrote another book about this: 'The Theory of Moral Sentiments'). But his greatest economic insight - and indeed the greatest single insight yielded by the discipline of economics - was that benevolence was not in fact necessary to advance the public interest, so long as people were free to engage with each other in voluntary economic interaction. That is fortunate, he pointed out, since benevolence is often in short supply. Self-interest, on the other hand, is not.

A. ¾îÈÖ
excerpt Úûõþ(¹ßÃé). merely=only. prosper ¹ø¿µÇÏ´Ù. corporate ÛöìÑ(¹ýÀÎ)Á¶Á÷ÀÇ.
corporate social responsibility(CSR) ±â¾÷ÀÇ »çȸÀû Ã¥ÀÓ.
¡°Wealth of Nation¡± ÏÐÝ£Öå(±¹ºÎ·Ð). labour ³ë·ÂÇÏ´Ù. render=make ...ÀÌ µÇ°Ô ÇÏ´Ù. annual ¸Å³â. revenue ¼¼ÀÔ, ¼öÀÍ, ÃѼҵæ.
render. . . as great as he can °¡´ÉÇÑ ÇÑ Å©°Ô ¸¸µé´Ù. intend ÀǵµÇÏ´Ù.
invisible º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â. pursue Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Ù. effectually È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î. affect ...ÀÎü ÇÏ´Ù.
trade °Å·¡ÇÏ´Ù, ÇൿÇÏ´Ù. benevolence ÀÚºñ½É, ¼±Çà, ¼±ÀÇ. brewer (¸ÆÁÖ µî) ¾çÁ¶¾÷ÀÚ.
address oneself to ¾ð±ÞÇÏ´Ù. humanity ìÑÊàäñ(Àΰ£¾Ö). worship °æ¹èÇÏ´Ù.
admirable °¨ÅºÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ, ĪÂùÇÒ¸¸ÇÑ. instinct º»´É.
the instinct for sympathy toward one's fellow man °°Àº Àΰ£¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¿Á¤ÀÇ º»´É. foundation Ðñõ¨(±âÃÊ). civilised conduct ¹®¸íÀÎÀÇ Çൿ, ǰÀ§ ÀÖ´Â Çൿ.
moral sentiment µµ´öÀû Á¤¼­. insight ÅëÂû. yield »êÃâÇÏ´Ù. discipline Çй®ºÐ¾ß, Çаú.
the greatest single instinct yielded by the discipline of economics °æÁ¦ÇÐ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼­ »êÃâµÈ °¡Àå À§´ëÇÑ ´Ü ÇϳªÀÇ ÅëÂû. cf. instinct yielded=instinct that was yielded.
so long as ...ÇÏ´Â ÇÑ engage . . .in ...¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÏ´Ù. Á¾»çÇÏ´Ù.
voluntary economic interaction ÀÚ¹ßÀûÀÎ °æÁ¦Àû »óȣȰµ¿.

B. ±¸¹®
-he intends his own. . . no part of his intention.
[°³ÀÎÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÌÀÍ(gain)¸¸ »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ´Ù¸¥ ¸¹Àº °æ¿ìó·³ °³ÀÎÀº ¿ø·¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àǵµ¿¡´Â ÀüÇô ¾ø¾ú´ø ¾î¶² ¸ñÀû(end)À» ÁõÁø½Ã۵µ·Ï º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â ¼Õ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼­ À̲ø·ÁÁø´Ù.]
-By pursuing his own interest. . . trade for the public good.
cf. that of the society¡æthe interest of the society. it¡æthat of the society
know much good done¡æÁÁÀº ÀÏÀÌ ÇØÁö´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë´Ù. done Àº ¸ñÀû¾î goodÀÇ º¸¾î·Î ¾²ÀÎ °ú°ÅºÐ»ç.
[ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á °³ÀÎÀº Á¾Á¾ ½ÇÁ¦·Î »çȸÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀ» ÁõÁø½ÃŰ·Á°í ½ÃµµÇÒ ¶§º¸´Ùµµ ´õ È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î »çȸÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀ» ÁõÁøÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ³ª´Â °ø°øÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀ» À§ÇØ ÀÏÇÑ´Ù°í ûßåë(È£¾ð)ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÁÁÀº ÀÏÀÌ ÇØÁö´Â °ÍÀ» º» ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.]
-It is not from the benevolence. . . of their advantages.
cf. It is A that. . . ...ÀÎ °ÍÀº ¹Ù·Î AÀÌ´Ù.
their regard to their own interest¡æthey regard to their own interest
[¿ì¸®°¡ Àú³á¹äÀ» ¸Ô°Ô µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ´ç¿¬ÇÏ°Ô »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °Í(expect)Àº Á¤À°Á¡ ÁÖÀÎÀ̳ª ¾çÁ¶¾÷ÀÚ³ª Á¦°ú¾÷ÀÚµéÀÇ ÀÚºñ½É ¶§¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í ±×µé ¾÷ÀÚµéÀÌ ÀڽŵéÀÇ ÀÌÀÍ¿¡ °ü½ÉÀ» °¡Áö±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ±×µéÀÇ Àΰ£¾Ö¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ ¸»ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ±×µéÀÇ À̱âÁÖÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­¸¸ ¸»ÇÏ¸ç ¿ì¸®´Â ¾÷Àڵ鿡°Ô ¿ì¸®°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »ýȰÇʼöǰ¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­°¡ ¾Æ´Ï°í ±×µéÀÇ ÀÌÀÍ¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­¸¸ À̾߱âÇÑ´Ù.(¿ì¸®´Â ¾÷Àڵ鿡°Ô ¿ì¸® ÀÚ½ÅÀ» À§Çؼ­ ¹°°ÇÀ» »ê´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¾÷ÀÚµéÀÌ ³²±â´Â ÀÌÀÍ¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­¸¸ °Å·ÐÇÑ´Ù.]
-He regarded benevolence as admirable.
cf. as admirable=as being admirable.
-That is fortunate. . . is not.
cf. that ´Â ¾ÕÀÇ ¹®Àå ³»¿ëÀ» °¡¸®Å´.
[±×°ÍÀº ´ÙÇེ·¯¿î ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé ÀÚºñ½ÉÀº Á¾Á¾ °ø±ÞÀÌ ¸ðÀÚ¶ó±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ý¸é¿¡ À̱â½ÉÀº Ç×»ó °ø±ÞÀÌ ÃæºÐÇÏ´Ù. (ÀÚºñ½Éº¸´Ù´Â °³ÀÎÀÇ À̱âÀûÀÎ °æÁ¦È°µ¿ÀÌ °ø°øÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÁõÁø¿¡ ±â¿©Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Àΰ£»çȸ¿¡ ÀÚºñ½ÉÀÌ ¸ðÀÚ¶ó°í À̱â½ÉÀÌ ¸¹Àº °ÍÀÌ ´ÙÇེ·¯¿î ÀÏÀÌ´Ù.)]
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