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Nonetheless, it is worth reading for its fascinating discussion of the two painters' opposing approaches to their art. Gauguin believed in painting 'from the head': from the imagination and from memory, slowly bringing together elements on canvas in a symbolic and cerebral way. Van Gogh, on the other hand, wanted to paint directly from nature. Not only did he find it exhilarating to respond spontaneously to the colour all around him, he also found it consoling; it helped release the flood of ideas exploding in his head. Van Gogh, Mr Gayford says, suffered from bi-polar disorder, a severe form of manic depression which can now be treated with lithium but which then was undiagnosed. Ruminating on art, as Gauguin advised, was dangerous for Van Gogh, bringing back painful memories that drove him mad.
The difference between the two can be seen in two pictures that Van Gogh painted of chairs. Like the iconic painting of the bedroom, which he did before Gauguin's arrival, these were manifestoes of Van Gogh's artistic beliefs. His chair is a simple rush-bottomed seat painted in sunny, yellow tones. On it he placed a peasant's pipe and tobacco and behind the chair a box of sprouting onions, a symbol of nature and the new life that might grow from art. The armchair he painted for Gauguin is more substantial, with a gaslight behind it creating a mysterious, nocturnal effect. On its seat, Van Gogh placed two novels and a candle that stood for the inspiration of the mind and intellectual light--references to Gauguin's more cerebral method of painting.
The picture that sums up their collaboration, though, is the portrait of Madame Ginoux. Van Gogh based it on a drawing by Gauguin. It was an olive branch to his by-then estranged friend and a plea for him to return to the yellow house, where they had once depicted this middle-aged proprietress of a local cafe. Van Gogh translated Gauguin's sober sketch into the muted colors he saw as more typical of Gauguin. In a touching letter, he called it a synthesis of their artistic experiment in Arles: 'Take this as a work belonging to you and me as a summary of our months of work together.' It is, in a sense, the best of both of their works.

A. 어휘
nonetheless 그럼에도 불구하고. fascinating 매혹적인. oppose 반대하다.
approach 접근, 연구법. bring together 합치다. element 요소.
cerebral 지적인, 대뇌의. exhilarate 기분을 북돋우다, 명랑하게 하다.
spontaneous 자연발생적인. console 위로하다. release 방출하다. flood 홍수.
explode 폭발하다. bi-polar 정반대의, 양극단의, 두 極(극)이 있는. disorder 질병.
severe 엄한, 가혹한. manic [정신의학] 躁病(조병). manic depression 躁鬱病(조울병).
lithium 리튬. undiagnosed 진단이 되지 않은[무슨 병인지 모르는].
ruminate 깊이 생각하다, 反芻(반추)하다. iconic 像(상)의, 초상화의, 聖像(성상)의.
manifesto 선언. rush 골풀[깔개, 바구니 따위를 만든다]. sprout 發芽(발아)하다.
sprouting onions 싹이 트는 양파. substantial 실질적인. mysterious 신비로운.
nocturnal 밤의, 夜行性(야행성)의. stand for 상징하다. inspiration 靈感(영감).
reference 言及(언급), 조회, 참조. sum up 요약하다. collaboration 合作(합작), 협력.
drawing 線描(선묘), 데생. by-then 그때쯤.
estrange [남의]사이를 가르다, 素願(소원)하게 하다.
by-then estranged friend 그 때까지 이미 사이가 멀어진 친구. plea 간청, 핑계.
depict 묘사하다. proprietress 여성 소유자.
sober 事實的(사실적)적인, 근엄한, 진지한, 술에 취하지 않은.
muted 소리를 죽인, 말로 나타내지 않은. touching 마음에 와 닿는.
synthesis 종합, 합성, 통합체. summary 요약. in a sense 어떤 의미에서는.