The parable of the sower ¨é

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How successful Monsanto and rival makers of GM seed, such as DuPont and Syngenta, are in winning round a sceptical public and policymakers will play a big part in determining how lucrative their innovations prove to be. In public attitudes to GM food, Mr Grant believes "there's been progress everywhere compared with 15 years ago." Still, Europe remains "slow, a real slouch. European farmers have been denied the right to choose." Although the European Union is slowly becoming open to imports of GM food, it is still largely opposed to growing the stuff. Monsanto has still to complete a test of any GM seed in Britain because protesters have destroyed its experiments. In Latin America, by contrast, Argentina and Brazil are both growing GM corn (maize) and soybeans. In some ways, rising awareness of the food crisis has helped people to see "GM as something with potential benefits other than just boosting the profits of Big Food," says Mr Grant-to Monsanto's benefit. Well, maybe.

Turbo-charging Mendel
Monsanto's innovations fall into two categories. The first is breeding, which seedmakers have been doing with increasing sophistication for decades. Monsanto is able to accelerate the process of selective breeding through better mapping of a seed's genetic qualities and its suitability to grow in a particular place.
At Monsanto's research laboratory in St Louis, the company's home city, farmers on one of the many tours that are part of its marketing efforts are clearly fascinated by a piece of technology known as the corn chipper. A machine picks up an individual seed, rotates it to the right position, then chips off a sample, which has its genetic material analysed. (Getting the seed in the right position is the hardest step, because each one has a different shape and it is crucial that the chipper does not damage the embryo and thus stop the seed from growing properly.)

A. ¾îÈÖ
sceptical public üãë÷îÜ(ȸÀÇÀû)ÀÎ ´ëÁß. lucrative ¼öÁö ¸Â´Â, ÀÌÀÍÀÌ µÇ´Â.
innovation Çõ½Å. prove Áõ¸íÇÏ´Ù. slouch °ÔÀ¸¸§¹ðÀÌ.
deny °ÅÀýÇÏ´Ù, ¹èôÇÏ´Ù, ºÎÀÎÇÏ´Ù. imports ¼öÀÔǰ.
stuff ¹°°Ç, ¿ø·á, Àç·á. protester Ç×ÀÇÀÚ. soybean Äá.
awareness ÀνÄ, ±ú´ÞÀ½. potential ÀáÀçÀû. category ºÎ¹®, ¹üÁÖ.
breeding ëÀðú(À°Á¾),¹ø½Ä. sophistication ïñÎå(Á¤±³).
accelerate ÃËÁøÇÏ´Ù, ¾Õ´ç±â´Ù. selective ¼±ÅÃÀûÀÎ.
mapping ÁöµµÁ¦ÀÛ. suitability ÀûÀÀ¼º, ÀûÇÕ¼º. rotate ȸÀü½ÃŰ´Ù.
chips off ±ð¾Æ³»´Ù. genetic material À¯Àü¹°Áú.
crucial ¾ÆÁÖ Áß´ëÇÑ, °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ. damage ¼Õ»ó½ÃŰ´Ù. embryo ÛÏä´(¹è¾Æ), žÆ.

B. ÓÞëù(´ëÀÇ)
Monsanto¿Í DuPont °ú Syngenta°°Àº °æÀïȸ»çµéÀÌ ¾î´À Á¤µµ ¼º°øÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡´Â ȸÀÇÀûÀÎ ´ëÁßÀÇ ¸¶À½À» ¾ó¸¶³ª ¾ò´À³Ä¿¡ ´Þ·ÁÀÖ°í ±×µéÀÇ Çõ½ÅÀÌ ¾î´À Á¤µµ ÀÌÀÍÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀΰ¡¸¦ °áÁ¤Çϴµ¥´Â Á¤Ã¥ ÀÔ¾ÈÀÚÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀÌ Å¬ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. GM ½Äǰ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´ëÁßÀÇ Åµµ¿¡´Â ¡°15³â Àü¿¡ ºñÇØ¼­ ¾îµð¿¡¼­³ª ÁøÀüÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù¡±¶ó°í Grant´Â ¹Ï´Â´Ù. À¯·´Àº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¡°Á¤¸»·Î ´À¸° °ÔÀ¸¸§¹ðÀÌ¡±·Î ³²¾ÆÀÖ°í ¡°À¯·´ÀÇ ³óºÎµéÀº ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °ÅºÎ´çÇÏ¿´´Ù.¡± À¯·´¿¬ÇÕÀº À¯ÀüÀÚº¯Çü ½ÄǰÀÇ ¼öÀÔÀ» ¼­¼­È÷ °³¹æÇϰí ÀÖÁö¸¸ À¯ÀüÀÚº¯Çü ³ó»ê¹°ÀÇ Àç¹è´Â ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ´ëºÎºÐ ¹Ý´ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¿µ±¹¿¡¼­ Ç×ÀÇÀÚµéÀÌ ½ÇÇè½Ã¼³µéÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏ¿© ¹ö·È±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Monsanto´Â ¸ðµç À¯ÀüÀÚº¯Çü Á¾ÀÚÀÇ Å×½ºÆ®¸¦ »õ·ÎÀÌ ¿Ï¼ºÇؾßÇÑ´Ù. À̿ʹ ´ëÁ¶ÀûÀ¸·Î ³²¹ÌÀÇ Argentina ¿Í BrazilÀº À¯ÀüÀÚ º¯Çü ¿Á¼ö¼ö¿Í ÄáÀ» Àç¹èÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¾î¶² ¸é¿¡¼­´Â ½Ä·®À§±â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â ÀνÄÀº »ç¶÷µé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ¡° GMÀ» ´ëÇü ³ó¾÷ȸ»çÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀ» Áõ°¡½ÃŰ±âº¸´Ù´Â ÀÏ¹Ý »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ À̵æÀÌ µÇ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î¡± ¹Ù¶óº¸°Ô ÇÏ´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù°í Grant¾¾´Â ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.-¹°·Ð Monsanto¿¡µµ À̵æÀÌ ÀÖÁö¸¸. ±Û½ê. ±×·² °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
MonsantoÀÇ Çõ½ÅÀº µÎ ºÎ¹®À¸·Î ³ª´©¾îÁø´Ù. ù ¹øÂ°´Â Á¾ÀÚȸ»çµéÀÌ ¼ö½Ê ³â µ¿¾È º¸´Ù Á¡Á¡ ´õ Á¤±³ÇÏ°Ô ÇØ¿À°í ÀÖ´Â, À°Á¾ÀÌ´Ù. Monsanto´Â ¾î´À Á¾ÀÚÀÇ À¯ÀüÀû ÀÚÁú°ú ƯÁ¤ Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ÀÇ Àç¹èÀûÇÕ¼ºÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ÁöµµÀÇ Á¦ÀÛÀ» ÅëÇØ¼­ ¼±ÅÃÀû À°Á¾°úÁ¤ÀÇ ÁøÇàÀ» ÃËÁøÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
MonsantoÀÇ °íÇâÀÎ St Louis¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Monsanto ¿¬±¸½ÇÇè½Ç¿¡¼­, ȸ»çÀÇ ¸¶ÄÉÆÃ ³ë·ÂÀÇ ÇÑ ºÎºÐÀÎ ¼øÈ¸¹æ¹®¿¡ Âü¿©Çϰí ÀÖ´Â ³óºÎµéÀº corn chipper(¾¾ ±ð´Â ±â°è)·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø ±â¼ú¿¡ ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¸ÅȤµÇ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¾î¶² ±â°è ÇÑ´ë°¡ ¾¾¾Ñ Çϳª¾¿À» Áý¾î ¿Ã·Á¼­ ¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ À§Ä¡ ÂÊÀ¸·Î ȸÀü½ÃŲ ÈÄ »ùÇà Çϳª¸¦ ±ð¾Æ³»°í ±×°ÍÀÇ À¯ÀüÀû ±¸¼º¹°ÁúÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇØ ³»¾ú´Ù. ( ¾¾¾ÑÀ» ¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ À§Ä¡¿¡ ³õ´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡Àå ¾î·Á¿î ´Ü°èÀÌ´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ¾¾¾Ñ Çϳª Çϳª´Â ¸ð¾çÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ´Ù¸£°í ±â°è°¡ ¹è¾Æ¸¦ ¼Õ»ó½ÃÄѼ­ ¾¾¾ÑÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÏ°Ô ÀÚ¶óÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¾øµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ´ë´ÜÈ÷ Áß¿äÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù) .
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