The parable of the sower ¨î

123-8-577
"We are in a hyper-competitive business. Farmers have no shortage of choice," insists the unapologetic Mr Grant. "Our goal is to be competitive every spring at the farmer's table. A farmer may be willing to abdicate the decision on what chemicals to use, but not on what seed to plant. We aim to win one field at a time, one spring at a time." Enforcing licences is crucial to that strategy. Just as in the drug industry, innovation is expensive: Monsanto has a research and development budget of nearly $1 billion a year, and reckons it costs $100m to bring a new GM seed to market. If there is to be innovation, the firm insists, intellectual property must be protected.
However, Monsanto is using different language-and a different approach from that of big drugmakers-when it comes to dealing with the millions of poor people in Africa. Mr Grant says that he is determined not to repeat the mistakes of the pharmaceutical industry in holding back on making valuable innovations available to the developing world. He believes that "in a perfect world, on the same day you launch [a drought-resistant seed] in Kansas, you would launch it similarly in Nairobi"-although in practice Africa and other poor places that are short of water will have to wait a while longer.
Over the past three years, the firm has started to play a leading role in efforts collectively described as an attempt to create a "green revolution in Africa". Mr Grant talks enthusiastically about his friendship with Norman Borlaug, the driving force behind the Green Revolution, first in Mexico, then in Asia, in the second half of the past century, which is generally reckoned to have saved at least 1 billion lives. Shortly before his death this year, aged 95, Borlaug reportedly expressed regret that he would not live to see the "gene revolution".

A. ¾îÈÖ
hyper-competitive °æÀïÀÌ ±Øµµ·Î ½ÉÇÑ.
unapologetic »ç°úÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â, º¯¸íÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â. abdicate ¾çµµÇÏ´Ù, Æ÷±âÇÏ´Ù, ÅðÀ§ÇÏ´Ù.
strategy Àü·«. enforce ÁýÇàÇÏ´Ù, °­ÇàÇÏ´Ù.
drug industry Á¦¾à»ê¾÷. budget ¿¹»ê. reckon °è»êÇÏ´Ù.
intellectual property ÁöÀûÀç»ê. deal with °Å·¡ÇÏ´Ù, ó¸®ÇÏ´Ù.
pharmaceutical ð²å·(Á¦¾à)ÀÇ. hold back ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Ù.
available ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â, Åë¿ëµÇ´Â. drought-resistant Ò±ùÑ(³»ÇÑ)ÀÇ.
short of ºÎÁ·ÇÑ. collectively °øµ¿À¸·Î. enthusiastically ¿­±¤ÀûÀ¸·Î.
driving force ÃßÁøµ¿·Â. Norman Borlaug(1914-2009) ¼¼°è ³ì»öÇõ¸íÀÇ ¼±±¸ÀÚ.
reportedly º¸µµ¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé.

B. ÓÞëù(´ëÀÇ)
¡°¿ì¸®´Â ±Øµµ·Î °æÀïÀûÀÎ »ç¾÷À» Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ³óºÎµéÀº ¸¶À½´ë·Î ¹°°ÇÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.¡±¶ó°í ´ç´çÇÑ ÅµµÀÇ Grant´Â ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¡°¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥´Â ¸Å³â º½ ³óºÎÀÇ ½ÄŹ¿¡¼­ °æÀï·ÂÀ» °®´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³óºÎ´Â ¾î¶² È­ÇÐÁ¦Ç°(ºñ·á, ³ó¾à µî)À» ¾µ °ÍÀ̳Ŀ¡ ´ëÇÑ °áÁ¤Àº Ãë¼ÒÇÒ ¶æÀÌ ÀÖ°ÚÁö¸¸ ¾î¶² Á¾ÀÚ¸¦ ½ÉÀ» °ÍÀ̳Ŀ¡ ´ëÇÑ °áÁ¤Àº ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ÇÑ ¹ø¿¡ ÇÑ ³óÀåÀ», ÇÑ ¹ø¿¡ ÇÑ º½(ÆÄÁ¾±âÀÇ Á¾ÀÚ)À» ½Î¿ö¼­ ¾ò±â¸¦ ¿øÇÑ´Ù.¡± ¸éÇã ÆÄÁ¾À» °­¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÀÌ·± Àü·«¿¡ ´ë´ÜÈ÷ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. Á¦¾à»ê¾÷¿¡¼­¿Í ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î Á¾ÀÚÇõ½Åµµ ºñ¿ëÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ µç´Ù. MonsantoÀÇ ¿¬°£ ¿¬±¸°³¹ß ¿¹»êÀº °ÅÀÇ 10¾ï ´Þ·¯ÀÌ°í »õ·Î¿î À¯ÀüÀÚº¯Çü Á¾ÀÚ¸¦ ½ÃÀå¿¡ ³»³õ±â À§Çؼ­´Â 1¾ï ´Þ·¯ÀÇ ºñ¿ëÀÌ µç´Ù. Çõ½ÅÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸·Á¸é ÁöÀûÀç»êÀÌ º¸È£¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ȸ»ç´Â ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª Monsanto´Â ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀÇ ¼ö¹é¸¸ÀÇ °¡³­ÇÑ »ç¶÷µé°ú °Å·¡ÇÒ ¶§´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¸»À» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ´ëÇü Á¦¾àȸ»ç¿Í´Â ´Ù¸¥ Á¢±Ù ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. Grant´Â °³¹ßµµ»ó±¹¿¡¼­ ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±â¼ú Çõ½ÅÁ¦Ç°ÀÇ °³¹ßÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÑ Á¦¾à»ê¾÷ÀÇ ½Ç¼ö¸¦ µÇÇ®ÀÌÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê°Ú´Ù°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¡°¿Ïº®ÇÑ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­´Â, ¹Ì±¹ Kansasñ¶¿¡¼­ Ò±ùÑ(³»ÇÑ)Á¾ÀÚÀÇ ÆÇ¸Å¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ³¯¿¡ ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀÇ Nairobi¿¡¼­µµ ºñ½ÁÇÑ ³¯Â¥¿¡ ÆÇ¸ÅÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù¡±¶ó°í ±×´Â ¹Ï´Â´Ù-½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â, ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿Í ¹°ÀÌ ºÎÁ·ÇÑ ´Ù¸¥ °÷¿¡¼­´Â Á¶±Ý ´õ ¿À·¡ ±â´Ù·Á¾ß ÇϰÚÁö¸¸.
Áö³­ 3³â °£, ȸ»ç´Â ¡°¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀÇ ³ì»öÇõ¸í¡±À» âÁ¶ÇÏ·Á´Â ½Ãµµ¶ó°í ºÒ·ÁÁö´Â ³ë·Â¿¡¼­ ÁÖµµÀûÀÎ ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÏ¿´´Ù. Grant´Â 20¼¼±â ÈĹÝ, óÀ½¿¡´Â ¸ß½ÃÄÚ¿¡¼­ ±×¸®°í µÚ¿¡´Â ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼­ ÀϾ ³ì»öÇõ¸íÀÇ ÃßÁøµ¿·ÂÀ̾ú´ø Norman Borlaug¿ÍÀÇ ¿ìÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ ¿­·ÄÇÏ°Ô À̾߱âÇÑ´Ù. ³ì»öÇõ¸íÀº Àû¾îµµ 10¾ïÀÇ ¸ñ¼ûÀ» ±¸ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î Æò°¡µÈ´Ù. ±Ý³â¿¡ 95¼¼·Î ܬá¦(º°¼¼)Çϱâ Á÷Àü Borlaug´Â ¡°À¯ÀüÀÚ Çõ¸í¡±À» º¼ ¶§±îÁö »ìÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ À¯°¨À̶ó°í ¸»Çß¾ú´Ù.
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