14. A Few Good Men (TIME, JUNE 5, 2006)
The Ruling Caste hails the incorruptibility of the small band of British bureaucrats who ruled the Raj.

About 1,000 British officers administered a subcontinent of nearly 300 million people.

14-1-58
Perhaps the only time in history that a bureaucrat's job has been glamourous was during the British Raj. In the course of a typical day, an officer of the Indian Civil Service (ICS) might have been called upon to judge a case in which a jealous husband had chopped off his wife's nose, arrange for rice to reach a famine-stricken town, meet a local maharajah for tea, and then wind down by heading off into the jungle to shoot a panther. Then again, everything about the ICS was extraordinary--not least, the immense power wielded by an astonishingly small bureaucracy: in 1901, about 1,000 ICS officers administered a subcontinent of nearly 300 million people. Strangest of all, despite their vast power, ICS men had a reputation for being incorruptible. Far more than the pomp and circumstance of the Raj, it was the remarkable idea of these honest, fair-minded and able administrators that lent the Empire its mystique.
But was it all a myth? Revisionist historians have recently accused the imperial civil servants of sins ranging from selfishness to incompetence in dealing with famines. Now, British historian David Gilmour has risen to the defense of th ICS with his new book, The Ruling Caste: Imperial Lives in the Victorian Raj. Gilmour has already written monumental biographies of two of the most controversial figures of the Raj--the writer Rudyard Kipling and the viceroy Lord Curzon. His latest work aims to rebut the revisionist attacks and provide a more flattering group portrait of the men who ruled the Raj.

A. 어휘
caste 카스트(인도의 세습적 계급). the ruling caste 지배계급. hail 환호하다.
incorruptibility 淸廉潔白(청렴결백). band 一團(일단), 무리. bureaucrat 공무원, 관료.
the Raj 영령인도제국. 인도통치. administer 관리하다. subcontinent 亞大陸(아대륙).
glamorous 매력적인. the British Raj 영국의 인도통치.
the Indian Civil Service 인도행정청. be called upon to+V→be asked to+V.
judge a case 소송사건을 판결하다. chop off 잘라 내다. arrange 조정하다, 처리하다. famine 饑饉(기근). famine-stricken town 기근피해지역.
maharajah (인도 회교지역의) 大君(대군). wind down 한숨 돌리다. panther 표범.
not least 그에 못지 않게. immense 광대한, 거대한. wield 휘두르다.
power wielded=power which was wielded. bureaucracy (집합적) 관료, 관료제도.
the immense power wielded by an astonishingly small bureaucracy 놀랍도록 작은 수의 관료들이 행사한 엄청난 권한.
strangest of all→what is strangest of all. 가장 신기한 것은. reputation 평판, 명성.
incorruptible 부패하지 않는, 매수할 수 없는. pomp 호화, 壯麗(장려).
remarkable 두드러진. fair-minded 공정한. administrator 관리자, 통치자.
the Empire 영국령 인도제국. mystique 神秘性(신비성), 비법. myth 신화.
revisionist 수정주의자. accuse A of B→ A에게 B에 대한 죄를 씌우다. 고발하다.
the imperial civil servants 제국 공무원들. sins ranging→sins which ranged.
incompetence 無能(무능). deal with 처리하다. imperial lives 帝國(제국)의 傳記(전기).
the Victorian Raj 빅토리아여왕의 인도통치. monumental 기념비적인, 무게 있는.
biography 傳記(전기). controversial figures 논쟁의 여지가 있는 인물.
Kipling 영국의 인도통치를 긍정적으로 그린 작가. viceroy 총독, 태수. Lord 卿(경).
rebut 반박하다. flattering 기쁘게 하는, 위안이 되는 , 알랑거리는.
group portrait 집단초상화.

B. 구문
-Far more than the pomp. . . its mystique.
[영국 인도지배의 화려한 상황(역사적 사실)보다 더 중요한 것은 영령인도제국에 신비성을 부여한 것은 정직하고 공정하고 유능한 관리자들의 뛰어난 아이디어였다는 것이다.]
cf. the pomp and circumstance. pomp and는 circumstance를 수식하는 형용사로 쓰인 명사. ex. butter and bread 버터 바른 빵.

14-2-59
Lord Dalhousie, one of the Governors-General of India, observed that while a 'member of the Civil Service in England is a clerk, a member of the Civil Service in India may be a proconsul.' After passing an entrance exam in England when they were no older than 19 (the age limit, introduced in the late 1870s, was eventually raised to 23), ICS officers were soon shipped off to India's far-flung provinces to be part of what Prime Minister David Lloyd George called 'the steel frame' that held the Raj together. The ICS officer was one part taxman, responsible for collecting the tolls and revenues due to the Raj from his district, and one part magistrate, settling his district's legal disputes, which might range from petty theft to murder. In addition, he was in charge of 'forests, roads, hospitals, fences, canals and agriculture,' writes Gilmour. 'And on top of all this, he also had to keep himself accessible, to allow people to come and sit on his verandah and 'pay their respects' and hand in their petitions.' It was a tremendously diverse workload, and the ICS men had little formal training to prepare for it. They learned fast, and had to rely on instinct and common sense.

A. 어휘
governor-general 총독observe 말하다, 관찰하다. clerk 사무원, 회사원.
proconsul 지방총독. introduced→which was introduced. eventually 결국에는, 마침내. fling-flung-flung 내던지다. 흩뿌리다, 파견하다. far-flung 멀리 떨어진.
province 지방. prime minister 首相(수상). toll 통행세, 사용료.
revenue (국가, 도시의)稅入(세입). magistrate (사법권을 가진) 행정장관, 치안판사. legal disputes 법적 분쟁. on top of all this 이 모든 것에 더하여.
accessible 면접하기 쉬운. hand in 제출하다. petition 탄원서. tremendously 엄청나게. diverse 다양한. workload 업무량. formal training 공식적인 훈련. instinct 본능.

B. 구문
-The ICS officer was one part. . . from petty theft to murder.
cf. settling→which should settle. one part. . . one part 한편으로는...이고, 또 한편으로는.
[인도행정청관리는 한편으로는 그의 관할지역으로부터 인도제국에 바쳐야하는 통행세와 세금의 징수를 담당하는 稅吏(세리)이고 또 한편으로는 사소한 절도에서 살인에 이르는 법률적 분쟁을 해결하는 행정장관이었다.]
-he also had to keep himself. . . hand in their petitions.
[그는 또한 국민들이 찾아와서 그에게 존경을 표시하고 청원서를 제출하도록 하기위해서 국민들이 그에게 쉽게 접근할 수 있도록 해야 했다.]