17. The Hole in Democracy's Heart (TIME, May 31, 1999) by Brian Walden

He is the model of villainy, but Hitler came to power through the ballot box

17-1-66
Today in the Western world, little is sacred. Law, authority, religion and honor are daily mocked. Yet one idea has attained a sanctity that Christianity might envy. That idea is democracy. Whatever else may be challenged, no one from any quarter of the political spectrum ever questions the idea of majority rule through the ballot box. All sides accord it magical powers.
Democracy, we are told, brings not merely political responsibility and maturity but happiness and prosperity. See it bring joy to those who once labored under communism. Pity the victims of African dictatorships, whose societies would resemble our own could they enjoy its benefits. Bewail the absence of democracy in both Yugoslavia and Iraq. If these countries could cast off the dictator's yoke they would become as fair and decent, as just and reasonable, as NATO's members.
To shatter this dewy-eyed view of the benefits democracy must bring, we need look no farther than the greatest disaster that humanity has managed to contrive, Germany's Third Reich. Adolf Hitler is usually presented as a great dictator, a monster as separate from the German people as we like to believe Sadam is from the Iraqis and Milosevic from the Serbs. Unfortunately, Hitler was a product not of the absence of democracy but of the democratic process itself.

A. 어휘
villainy 極惡(극악). come to power 권력을 잡다. ballot-box 투표함. sacred 신성한.
authority 권위. mock 비웃다, 업신여기다. attain 달성하다. sanctity 거룩함.
envy 부러워하다, 질투하다. the political spectrum 정치적 스펙트럼(정치적 이념).
accord 수여하다, 일치하다. merely = only. maturity 成熟(성숙). prosperity 번영.
labor 고생하다, 괴로워하다. victim 희생자. dictatorship 독재, 독재정권.
resemble 닮다. bewail 몹시 슬퍼하다. absence 不在(부재). yoke 멍에.
fair and decent 공정하고 훌륭한. just and reasonable 정의롭고 합리적인.
shatter 박살내다. dewy 이슬 젖은. disaster 災殃(재앙). contrive 저지르다, 고안하다.
Third Reich 나치의 제 3 제국. monster 극악무도한 사람, 괴물. Irqui 이라크 人(인).
Serb 세르비아인. Sadam 이라크의 독재자. Milosevic 세르비아의 독재자.
product 제품. process 과정, 방법.

B. 구문
-Whatever else may be. . . through the ballot-box.
cf. whatever else may+V, 그 밖의 어떠한 것이 ...하더라도,(양보의 부사절).
[ 다른 어떠한 상황에 처하더라도, 정치적 사상의 어떠한 영역에 속한 사람도 투 표를 통한 다수결지배의 사상에 의문을 품지는 않는다. ]
-See it bring joy.
cf. see→지각동사. bring 원형동사.
[그것(민주주의)이 기쁨을 가져오는 것을 보라.]
-whose societies. . . enjoy its benefits.
cf. could they enjoy its benefits→if they could enjoy (도치구문).
[만약 그 사회들이 그것(민주주의)의 혜택을 누릴 수 있다면 그들의 사회는 우리자 신(서구 민주주의사회)의 사회를 닮아 있을 것이다.(가정법 과거구문)]
-To shatter this dewy-eyed view . . . Germany's Third Reich.
cf. need look no farther. need→조동사(부정문과 의문문에서 만)
[ 민주주의가 반드시 가져온다는 이익(혜택)에 대한 이 불명확한 견해를 박살내기
위해서는 인류가 저지른 최대의 재앙인 독일의 제3제국보다 더 멀리서 찾아볼 필요 는 없다.]
-a monster as separate from. . . from the Iraquis.
cf. as separate→as being separate. as는 전치사, being은 전치사.
[ 독재자 Sadam이 이라크국민과 별개인 것으로 우리가 믿기를 원하는 것처럼 (히틀러가) 독일국민하고는 별개의 극악한 인간으로 (독재자로 제시된다.)]

17-2-67
Hitler polled more votes in a free election than any German before him. People who are aware of his popularity often assume that he managed to sell his program of aggression and genocide because of unique circumstances. Germany's national humiliation after the loss of World War Ⅰ and the economic depression of the 1930s get most of the blame. Yet the truth is more alarming, and far more damaging to the idea that democracy is the solution to all of humanity's problems.
For Hitler, like many of today's leaders, democratic politics was simply a means of securing power. He had tried a putsch in 1923, but it had been a complete failure. Unlike most of today's leaders, however, he had a very clear idea of what he wanted to do with power when he got it, and he made no secret of his grim ambitions. Mein Kampf was first published in 1925. Hitler found, however, that in spite of the supposedly vulnerable condition of the national psyche, the promise of a final solution to the Jewish problem and more Lebensraum for the German people was not the vote-winner he might have expected.
So what was a would-be monster to do? Hitler believed he understood 'the secret heart' of the German people and used this understanding to turn a people otherwise unsympathetic to his objectives to ardent supporters. What were the hidden yearnings to which he was able to appeal? Not the desire for a world war that would bring them untold suffering or a campaign of genocide that would blacken their name forever. Instead, Hitler appealed to an apparently harmless longing that is as strong today in many quarters as it was then.

A. 어휘
poll (표를) 획득하다. assume 가정하다. managed to sell 팔 수 있게 되었다.
aggression 침략. genocide 한 국민(민족)의 抹殺(말살). unique 독특한.
national humiliation 국민적 모욕, 恥辱(치욕). loss 패배.
economic depression 경제불황. get most of the blame 대부분의 (비난의)책임을 지다.
damaging 해로운. humanity 인류. For Hitler 히틀러에게는. secure 획득하다.
a means of securing power 권력을 획득하는 수단. putsch (정치적인) 반란, 폭동.
a very clear idea of what he wanted to do with power 권력을 이용하여 무엇을 할 것인가에 대한 명확한 생각. grim 무서운, 가차없는, 잔인한. ambition 야망.
Mein Kampf “나의 투쟁”. supposedly 아마도, 想像上(상상상)으로, 아마도.
vulnerable 상처받기 쉬운. vulnerable condition 상처받기 쉬운 상태.
national psyche 국민정신. the Jewish problem 유태인 문제.
lebensraum 생활권 (정치적 경제적 발전에 필요한 영토. 나치스독일의 이념).
the vote-winner 선거를 승리로 이끌게 한 공약. would-be ...이 되려고 하는.
otherwise 다른 사정아래에서는, 다른 경우에는. unsympathetic 냉담한. objective 목적.
ardent supporters 열렬한 지지자들. hidden yearnings 숨은 熱望(열망).
appeal to 마음에 들게 하다. untold 헤아릴 수 없는, 막대한. suffering 고통, 고난.
blacken (평판 따위를) 더럽히다, 검게 하다. apparently 분명히. longing 열망.
quarters 특정 사회.지구의 사람.