41-7-173
This was strategic in two senses: by speaking his opponents' language, he might understand their strengths and weaknesses and formulate tactics accordingly. But he would also be ingratiating himself with his enemy. Everyone from ordinary jailers to P.W. Botha was impressed by Mandela's willingness to speak Afrikaans and his knowledge of Afrikaner history. He even brushed up on his knowledge of rugby, the Afrikaners' beloved sport, so he would be able to compare notes on teams and players.
Mandela understood that blacks and Afrikaners had something fundamental in common: Afrikaners believed themselves to be Africans as deeply as blacks did. He knew, too, that Afrikaners had been the victims of prejudice themselves: the British government and the white English settlers looked down on them. Afrikaners suffered from a cultural inferiority complex almost as much as blacks did.
Mandela was a lawyer, and in prison he helped the warders with their legal problems. They were far less educated and worldly than he, and it was extraordinary to them that a black man was willing and able to help them. These were 'the most ruthless and brutal of the apartheid regime's characters,' says Allister Sparks, the great South African historian, and he 'realized that even the worst and crudest could be negotiated with.'

A. 어휘
strategic 전략적인. opponent 敵(적), 敵對者(적대자).
formulate 고안해 내다, 공식화하다. accordingly 따라서. ingratiate 비위를 맞추다.
jailer 교도관. willingness 기꺼이 하는 마음상태. brush up on 공부를 다시 하다.
note 註(주), 註釋(주석). fundamental 근본적인, 주요한. prejudice 편견.
settler 식민지 정착자. look down on 멸시하다. inferiority complex 열등감.
warder 간수, 교도관. worldly 세속적인. legal 법적인, 합법적인.
extraordinary 특별한. ruthless 무자비한. brutal 야만적인, 잔인한. regime 政權(정권).
character 인물. crude 粗雜(조잡)한, 거친.

B. 구문
- These→the warders
- he→Mandela

41-8-174
No. 5
Keep your friends close-- and your rivals even closer
Many of the guests Mandela invited to the house he built in Qunu were people whom, he intimated to me, he did not wholly trust. He had them to dinner; he called to consult with them; he flattered them and gave them gifts. Mandela is a man of invincible charm-- and he has often used that charm to even greater effect on his rivals than on his allies.
On Robben Island, Mandela would always include in his brain trust men he neither liked nor relied on. One person he became close to was Chris Hani, the fiery chief of staff of the ANC's military wing. There were some who thought Hani was conspiring against Mandela, but Mandela cozied up to him. 'It wasn't just Hani,' says Ramaphosa. 'It was also the big industrialists, the mining families, the opposition. He would pick up the phone and call them on their birthdays. He would go to family funerals. He saw it as an opportunity.' When Mandela emerged from prison, he famously included his jailers among his friends and put leaders who had kept him in prison in his first Cabinet. Yet I well knew that he despised some of these men.
There were times he washed his hands of people-- and times when, like so many people of great charm, he allowed himself to be charmed. Mandela initially developed a quick rapport with South African President F.W. de Klerk, which is why he later felt so betrayed when De Klerk attacked him in public.
Mandela believed that embracing his rivals was a way of controlling them: they were more dangerous on their own than within his circle of influence. He cherished loyalty, but he was never obsessed by it. After all, he used to say, 'people act in their own interest.' It was simply a fact of human nature, not a flaw or a defect. The flip side of being an optimist-- and he is one-- is trusting people too much. But Mandela recognized that the way to deal with those he didn't trust was to neutralize them with charm.

A. 어휘
intimate 암시하다, 은연중에 말하다. flatter 비위를 맞추다. invincible 無敵(무적)의.
charm 매력, 魔力(마력). to even greater effect 훨씬 더 효과적으로. ally 동맹자.
brain trust 학자. 전문가의 一團(일단), 자문위원회. rely on 믿다, 신뢰하다.
chief of staff 참모총장, 참모장. military wing 군사담당 部署(부서).
conspire 음모를 꾸미다. cozy up to 편안하게 해주다. industrialist [산업]사업가.
mining families 광산업자들. the opposition 야당. funeral 장례식. emerge 나타나다.
despise 경멸하다. wash of 씻어 내다. initially 초기에. rapport [친밀하고 조화된]관계.
betray 배신하다. in public 공개적으로. embrace 포옹하다.
on their own 독립해서 있을 때. cherish 소중히 하다. loyalty 충성.
obsess 사로잡히다, 달라붙다. flaw 결점. defect 缺陷(결함). flip-side 레코드의 뒷면.
neutralize 중립화하다, 무력화시키다.