57-15-268
Many may harrumph at such a Darwinian interpretation of feminism, and say that it is a circuitous route to a traditional destination. It isn't: not expecting an equal distribution of the sexes within every profession is not the same as saying that a woman's place is in the home. And having dared to question the assumptions of both feminists and their opponents, some evolutionary biologists are now hoping to turn conventional wisdom upside down in another area where civil rights meet long-standing prejudice. This is the vexed question of race.

Race to the finish
Racial difference is an area where modern Darwinists have feared, until recently, to tread. This is hardly surprising, given the topic's history. Many early evolutionary biologists (though not Darwin himself) thought that just as man was a risen ape, so white, European man was the zenith of humanity, and that people from other parts of the world were necessarily inferior.
The consequences of that have been terrible. It gave a veneer of intellectual respectability to the eugenic horrors which culminated in the Nazi death camps. Indeed, it is probably one of the roots of the 'evolution stops at the neck' point of view. But evolutionary biology is now making amends. By overturning understanding of what race actually is, it may yet provide the tools that allow people of different backgrounds to live in reasonable harmony.

A. 어휘
harrumph 항의하다, 불평하다. interpretation 解釋(해석).
circuitous route 迂廻路(우회로), 간접적인 방법. destination 목적지.
dare to question 감히 ...에 의문을 제기하다. assumption 假定(가정).
conventional 전통적인, 通例(통례)적인. turn upside down 거꾸로 뒤엎다.
civil rights 공민권. long-standing 오랫동안에 걸친. prejudice 편견.
racial difference 인종차이. risen ape 원숭이에서 올라온 존재. zenith 頂点(정점).
inferior 열등한. veneer 덧붙이는 판자, 허식.
eugenic 優生學(우생학)의, 種屬(종속)개량의. culminate 최고조에 이르다.
amend 수정.

B. 구문
- a circuitous route to a traditional destination.
[그것은 전통적인 목적지(남녀차별은 당연하다는 주장)로 가는 우회로이다.]
- an equal distribution of the sexes within every profession
[모든 분야의 직업에서 남녀를 평등하게 배분하는 것]
- a woman’s place is in the home
[여자가 있어야 할 곳은 가정이다]

57-16-269
Its first observation is a bleak one. This is that racism, or at least xenophobia, is a deeply ingrained human characteristic. But its second observation is that, so far as can be determined, the traditional definition of racethe tendency of people living in different parts of the world to have different skin colour, hair colour and physiognomyhas no wider ramifications in areas such as intelligence. Racial prejudice, then, is just that: prejudice.
What is being proposed instead, by another husband and wife team of Darwinists, Leda Cosmides and John Tooby of the University of California, Santa Barbara, is a theory of ethnicity that explains the mishmash of categories anthropologists have tried to shoehorn into the general class of 'race'. Are Jews and Sikhs, who are defined by religious exclusivity, races? Are Serbs and Croats, who share their religions with others, but not with each other, and whom no geneticist could tell apart? These examples, and similar ones, argue that race has no biological meaning. But it does. It is just not the traditional meaning.
Social psychologists have long observed that, on first meeting, people automatically classify each other in three ways: by sex, by age and by race. But Dr Cosmides and Dr Tooby pointed out that before long-distance transport existed, only two of those would have been relevant. People of different ages and sexes would meetpeople of different races would not.

A. 어휘
bleak 陰鬱(음울)한, 황량한. racism 인종차별, 민족적 우월주의.
xenophobia 외국인 공포(혐오)증. ingrained 깊이 베어든, 뿌리깊은, 타고난.
physiognomy (특히 성격을 나타내는) 얼굴, 골상학, 관상술.
ramification 分枝(분지), 細分(세분). a theory of ethnicity 인종특성이론.
mishmash 뒤범벅, 잡동사니. shoehorn 좁은 장소로 쑤셔 넣다.
exclusivity 排他性(배타성) tell apart 구별하다. classify 분류하다. relevant 관련되다.

B. 구문
- has no wider ramifications in areas such as intelligence.
[지능 같은 분야에서는 더 이상 갈라지지 않는다(차이가 없다)]