71-15-345
When a teacher asks parents to be partners, he or she doesn't necessarily mean Mom or Dad should be camping in the classroom. Research shows that though students benefit modestly from having parents involved at school, what happens at home matters much more. According to research based on the National Education Longitudinal Study, a sample of nearly 25,000 eighth-graders, among four main areas of parental involvement (home discussion, home supervision, school communication and school participation), home discussion was the most strongly related to academic achievement.
Any partnership requires that both sides do their part. Teachers say that here again, parents can have double standards: Push hard, but not too hardmaintain discipline, but don't punish my child. When teachers tell a parent that a child needs to be reprimanded at home, teachers say they often get the response, 'I don't reprimand, and don't tell me how to raise my child.' Older teachers say they are seeing in children as young as 6 and 7 a level of disdain for adults that was once the reserve of adolescents. Some talk about the 'dry-cleaner parents' who drop their rambunctious kids off in the morning and expect them to be returned at the end of the day all clean and proper and practically sealed in plastic.

A. 어휘
not . . . necessary 반드시 ...한 것은 아니다(부분부정). benefit 덕을 보다.
modestly 어느 정도, 적당히, 겸손하게. matter 중요하다. longitudinal 세로의, 길이의.
longitudinal study 동일 항목(item)을 장기간(때로는 수십 년 간)에 걸쳐서 반복적으로 관찰하는 심리학적 연구방법. supervision 감독, 관리. participation 참여.
academic achievement 학업성취. maintain 유지하다. discipline 훈육, 규율, 훈련.
reprimand 譴責(견책)하다, 징계하다. a level of 어느 정도의.
disdain 경멸, 거만한 태도. reserve 專有物(전유물), 제한, 보존.
adolescent 청소년. dry-cleaner 세탁업자, 洗劑(세제).
rambunctious 제멋대로 노는, 다루기 어려운, 시끄럽게 날뛰는.
proper 단정한, 예절 바른, 품위 있는. practically 사실상.
seal 봉하다, 密閉(밀폐)하다, 봉인하다.

71-16-346
At the most disturbing extreme are the parents who like to talk about values but routinely undermine them. 'You get savvier children who know how to get out of things,' says a second-grade teacher in Murfreesboro, Tenn. 'Their parents actually teach them to lie to dodge their responsibilities.' Didn't get your homework done? That's O.K. Mom will take the fall. Late for class? Blame it on Dad. Parents have sued schools that expelled kids for cheating, on the grounds that teachers had left the exams out on a desk and made them too easy to steal. 'Cheating is rampant,' says Steve Taylor, a history teacher at Beverly Hills High School in California. 'If you're not cheating, then you're not trying. A C means you're a loser.' Every principal can tell a story about some ambitious student, Ivy bound, who cheats on an exam. Teacher flunks her. Parents protest: She made a mistake, and you're going to ruin her life. Teachers try to explain that good kids can make bad decisionsthe challenge is to make sure the kids learn from them. 'I think some parents confuse advocating on behalf of their student with defending everything that the student does,' says Scott Peoples, a history teacher at Skyview High School outside Denver.

A. 어휘
disturbing 평화와 안정을 깨뜨리는. extreme 극단. routinely 일상적으로.
undermine 토대를 무너뜨리다. savvy 영리한. dodge 피하다.
responsibility 책임. sue 고소하다. expel 퇴학시키다, 쫓아버리다.
cheating 속이기, 詐欺(사기). on the grounds 상당한 이유로. rampant 맹렬한.
Ivy bound 동부의 명문대에 가기를 열망하는. cf. bound ...하기로 결심한.
flunk 퇴학시키다, 낙제시키다, 실패하다. ruin 파멸시키다.
confuse. . .with ...와 혼동하다. advocate 변호하다. on behalf of 남을 대신하여.

B. 구문
- If you're not cheating, . . . A C means you're a loser.
[당신이 시험에서 속이지 않으면 좋은 성적을 따기 위해 노력을 하지 않는 사람이 라고 생각된다(성적에 관심이 있는 학생이 시험에서 부정이라도 한다). C학점(등급)은 패배자를 의미한다.]
- some parents confuse advocating . . . that the student does,
[어떤 부모들은 그들의 학생(자녀)을 위해 변호하는 것이 학생이 하는 모든 것을 방어하는 것이라고 착각하고 있다.]