Banyan
78. Kim family saga: third and final act
Jun 18th 2009 From The Economist print edition

North Korea's dictator is on the way out take aim at his successor

78-1-371
BRUTAL, pot-bellied and unpredictable: the same adjectives are always together on the larder shelf when editorial writers describe Kim Jong Il. But how helpful are they any more? There's no quibbling over Mr Kim's brutality. He runs his country like a gulag, and a Kim-made famine killed a twentieth of the population in the 1990s. As for pot-bellied, the description no longer holds, since, after a presumed stroke last summer, the Dear Leader looks frail, and as gaunt as his underfed subjects.
And unpredictable? The word has always been unhelpful, for it misses how foreseeably Mr Kim's Communist dynasty has blackmailed the outside world, defying the odds and the end of the cold war to cling to power. The notion of unpredictability is based on the tantrums North Korea throws. The latest began earlier this year with bellicose rhetoric, missiles and, last month, a presumed nuclear explosion (though spooks are puzzled at the lack of radiation, and wonder if this was simply a mountain-full of TNT). Yet ever since the North's push for a nuclear capability caused increasing concern in the early 1990s these hissy fits have been routine. Each time North Korea has cranked up the tension only to try to exploit it, usually by returning to multilateral negotiations on better terms more aid goodies and respect.

A. 어휘
saga 大河小說(대하소설), 모험담, 영웅이야기, 북 유럽 전설. act (연극의) 幕(막).
third and final act 3막과 終幕(종막). dictator 독재자.
on the way out 사라져 가고 있는. successor 후계자.
take aim at 주목하다, 목표를 두다. brutal 殘酷(잔혹)한. pot-bellied 올챙이배의.
unpredictable 예측 불가능한. adjectives 형용사. larder 저장식품, 식량저장창고.
shelf 선반. larder shelf 식품을 올려놓은 선반(참고자료). editorial 社說(사설).
editorial writer 사설기자. quibble (애매한 말로)얼버무리다, 둘러대기, 핑계.
brutality 잔인성, 蠻行(만행). gulag 수용소.
Kim-made famine 김정일이 저지른 飢餓(기아). a twentieth 1/20.
description 描寫(묘사), 記述(기술). hold 유효하다. presumed 推定(추정)되는.
stroke 腦溢血(뇌일혈). frail 허약한. gaunt 수척한, 몹시 여윈.
underfed 제대로 먹지 못하는. subject 百姓(백성).
foreseeably 앞을 내다보면서, 미리 알면서. dynasty 王朝(왕조). blackmail 공갈하다.
defy 공공연히 반항하다, 감연히 도전하다. odds 强敵(강적), 승산, 불평등.
defying the odds 강적에 저항하면서, 무모하게 반항하면서.
to cling to power 권력에 집착하기 위하여. notion 생각.
unpredictability 예측불가능성. tantrum 발끈 화내기. bellicose 好戰的(호전적)인.
rhetoric 修辭法(수사법), 과장된 말. presumed 추정되는. explosion 폭발.
spook 정보국원, 유령. capability 능력. hissy 쉬 소리를 내는. fit 발작.
crank up (크랭크를 돌려) 엔진을 걸다. tension 긴장. exploit 이용하다, 착취하다.
multilateral 여러 나라가 참여하는. 多邊(다변)의. negotiations 협상.
terms 조건. goodies 과자.

78-2-372
With the latest nuclear test, Mr Kim has raised the stakes higher than usual. To many that belongs to the familiar wearisome pattern of abuse. President Barack Obama, who has yet to articulate a North Korean policy, has begun to talk of the country as if it were an ill-behaved toddler that should not be rewarded for bad behaviour. Robert Gates, his defence secretary, says that America is "tired of buying the same horse twice". President Lee Myung-bak of South Korea has reversed his predecessors'"sunshine policy" of unconditional aid. Fool me once, shame on you. Fool me again (and again), shame on me.
Yet now a growing band of North Korea-watchers, even in China, divines a new unpredictability which, they say, is more disturbing than the tired old blackmail. This band says North Korea no longer intends to return to the table. After the United Nations Security Council imposed fresh sanctions on June 12th, as punishment for the nuclear test, the North said it would not just make more plutonium bombs, but enrich uranium too. Unlike earlier bellicosity, today's rhetoric lacks calibration. When North Korea now says it does not mean to give up its bid to be a nuclear-weapons power, blimey, perhaps it means it. This week Mr Lee was in Washington to seek Mr Obama's reassurance that South Korea sits under American protection, and to make it clear that neither country would accept North Korea as a nuclear state.

A. 어휘
the latest nuclear test 최근의 핵실험. stakes 판돈, 내기에 건 돈, 현상금.
familiar 흔한, 보통의, 잘 알려진. wearisome 지치게 하는, 지루한.
abuse 악용, 남용, 학대, 부패. has yet to +V 아직 하지 않아서 지금 해야한다.
articulate 명확히 표현하다. ill-behaved 행실이 나쁜. toddler 아장아장 걷는 유아.
reward 보상하다. behaviour 행위, 處身(처신). defence secretary 국방장관.
be tired of 싫증나다. reverse 역으로 돌리다. predecessor 전임자. band 떼.
divine 꿰뚫어 보다, 추측하다, 점치다. blackmail 공갈.
the United Nations Security Council 유엔 안전보장이사회.
impose 부과하다, 강요하다. sanctions (국제법을 위반한 국가에 기하는) 制裁(제재).
punishment 형벌. enrich 농축하다. bellicosity 好戰性(호전성).
rhetoric 修辭法(수사법). calibration 계산, 口徑測定(구경측정). bid 試圖(시도), 입찰.
power 强國(강국). reassurance 再保證(재보증). protection 보호.

B. 구문
- Fool me once, shame on . . . (and again), shame on me.
[나를 처음으로 속인다면 부끄러운 줄 알아라. 그리고 나를 또다시 속인다면 나도 부끄러운 줄 알아야지]