Leaders
The Arab world

94. Waking from its sleep
Jul 23rd 2009 From The Economist print edition

A quiet revolution has begun in the Arab world it will be complete only when the last failed dictatorship is voted out

94-1-441
WHAT ails the Arabs? The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) this week published the fifth in a series of hard-hitting reports on the state of the Arab world. It makes depressing reading. The Arabs are a dynamic and inventive people whose long and proud history includes fabulous contributions to art, culture, science and, of course, religion. The score of modern Arab states, on the other hand, have been impressive mainly for their consistent record of failure.
They have, for a start, failed to make their people free: six Arab countries have an outright ban on political parties and the rest restrict them slyly. They have failed to make their people rich: despite their oil, the UN reports that about two out of five people in the Arab world live on $2 or less a day. They have failed to keep their people safe: the report argues that overpowerful internal security forces often turn the Arab state into a menace to its own people. And they are about to fail their young people. The UNDP reckons the Arab world must create 50m new jobs by 2020 to accommodate a growing, youthful workforcevirtually impossible on present trends.

A. 어휘
leader 신문사설. complete 완성되다. failed dictatorship 실패한 독재.
is voted out 선거에 의해 퇴출 되다. ail 괴롭히다. hard-hitting 활기 있는.
on the state of the Arab world 아랍세계의 실상에 관한.
depressing 낙담하게 하는, 맥이 풀리는, 울적한. The Arabs 아랍인들.
inventive 창의력이 풍부한. fabulous 엄청난, 아주 멋진, 믿어지지 않는.
contribution 공헌. score 성적, 실적, 점수.
consistent 변함이 없는, 始終一貫(시종일관)된. for a start 제일 먼저, 우선.
outright 노골적인, 완전한. ban 금지. political parties 政黨(정당).
restrict 제한하다. slyly 교활하게. despite ...에도 불구하고(전치사).
internal security forces 국내의 공안부대. menace 위협.
be about to+V 막...하려고 한다. reckon 계산하다.
accommodate 공급하다, 충당하다, 수용하다, 돌보다. workforce 노동력.
virtually 사실상, 실질적으로는. trend 趨勢(추세), 경향.

B. 구문
- It makes depressing reading.
cf. make: 불완전자동사.
[그 보고서를 읽는 것은 사람을 울적하게 한다.]

94-2-442
Arab governments are used to shrugging off criticism. They had to endure a lot of it when George Bush was president and America󰡑s neoconservatives blamed the rise of al-Qaeda on the lack of Arab democracy. Long practice has made Arab rulers expert at explaining their failings away. They point to their culture and say it is unsuited to Western forms of democracy. Or they point to their history, and say that in modern times they would have done much better had they not had to deal with the intrusions of imperialists, Zionists and cold warriors.
Some of this is undeniable. A case can indeed be made that Islam complicates democracy. And, yes, oil, Israel and the rivalry between America and the Soviet Union meant that the Arab world was not left to find its own way after the colonial period ended. More recently the Arabs have been buffeted by the invasion of Iraq. Now they find themselves caught in the middle as America and Iran jostle for regional dominance.

Strangely, your highness, they like voting
Still, as the decades roll by the excuses wear thin. Islam has not prevented democracy from taking root in the Muslim countries of Asia. Even after its recent flawed election, Iran, a supposed theocracy, shows greater democratic vitality than most Arab countries. As for outside intrusion, some of the more robust Arab elections of recent years have been held by Palestinians, under Israeli occupation, and by Iraqis after America󰡑s invasion. When they are given a chance to take part in genuine electionsas, lately, the Lebanese wereArabs have no difficulty understanding what is at stake and they turn out to vote in large numbers. By and large it is their own leaders who have chosen to prevent, rig or disregard elections, for fear that if Arabs had a say most would vote to throw the rascals out.

A. 어휘
be used to+ N(명사) ...에 익숙하다. shrug off 무시하다.
endure 참다, 견뎌내다. a lot of it 많은 비판. neoconservatives 신보수주의자들.
practice 관행, 반복적 훈련. expert 노련한, 熟達(숙달)된.
explaining their failings away 실패의 책임을 교묘한 변명으로 모면하다.
unsuited 부적당한. intrusion 침입, 토지 불법점유. imperialist 제국주의자.
Zionist 시온주의자. cf. Zionism 유대인을 팔레스타인으로 복귀시키려는 민족운동.
warrior 군인, 병사. cold warriors 냉전의 투사들.
complicate 곤란하게 하다, 뒤얽히게 하다. colonial period 식민주의시대.
buffet 때리다, 못살게 굴다. invasion 침략, 침입, 侵攻(침공).
jostle 다투다, 밀어 제치고 나가다, 난폭하게 떠밀다. dominance 主導權(주도권).
Strangely, your highness, they like voting 폐하, 이상하게도 백성들이 투표하기를 좋아하옵니다.
still 그래도. as the decades roll by 세월이 지나감에 따라. excuses 변명, 구실.
wear thin 닳아서 엷어지다. 결함이 있는, 흠집이 있는.
supposed 假定(가정)의. theocracy 神政國家(신정국가). vitality 활력.
as for ...에 관해서는, ...는 어떤가 하면. robust 건전한, 건강한.
Israeli 이스라엘의. occupation 점령. Iraqis 이라크인들. genuine 진짜의, 眞性(진성)의.
what is at stake 懸案(현안),현재 문제가 되어 있는 것.
By and large 전반적으로, 대체로. prevent 하지 못하게 막다.
rig 임시 변통으로 세우다. disregard 무시하다. for fear that ...를 하지 않기 위하여.
say 발언권. rascals 악당. throw out 逐出(축출)하다.

B. 구문
- they would have done. . . imperialists, Zionists and cold warriors.
cf. had they not had = if they had not had (가정법 과거완료 조건절)
[만약 그들이 제국주의자, 시온주의자 그리고 냉전 투사들과 관련되지 않았더라면 그들은 훨씬 더 잘 할 수 있었을 것이다.]
- A case can indeed be made that Islam complicates democracy.
cf. A case 는 that 이하의 절과 동격.
[이슬람국가의 민주주의 실행을 어렵게 하는 이유를 제시할 수 있다.]
- Arab world was not left to find its own way.
[아랍세계가 자기 자신의 길을 찾아가도록 가만히 놔두지를 않았다.]
-if Arabs had a say most would vote to throw the rascals out.
cf. 가정법 과거 구문( 현재 사실의 반대의 경우를 가정)
[아랍인들이 발언권을 가지게 되면 그들 대부분은 악당들을 좇아 낼 것이다.]