Books & Arts
100. A biography of Friedrich Engels

A very special business angel
Aug 13th 2009 From The Economist print edition

The self-effacing friend who enabled "Das Kapital" to be written
Marx's General: The Revolutionary Life of Friedrich Engels. By Tristram Hunt. Metropolitan Books 448 pages $32. Published in Britain as "The Frock-Coated Communist: The Revolutionary Life of Friedrich Engels". Allen Lane ￡25. Buy from Amazon.com, Amazon.co.uk

100-1-470
WHEN the financial crisis took off last autumn, Karl Marx's "Das Kapital", originally published in 1867, whooshed up bestseller lists. The first book to describe the relentless, all-consuming and global nature of capitalism had suddenly gained new meaning. But Marx had never really gone away, whereas Friedrich Engelsthe man who worked hand in glove with him for most of his life and made a huge contribution to "Das Kapital"is almost forgotten. A new biography by a British historian, Tristram Hunt, makes a good case for giving him greater credit.
The two men became friends in Paris in 1844 when both were in their mid-20s, and remained extremely close until Marx died in 1883. Both were Rhinelanders (our picture shows Engels standing behind Marx in the press room of Rheinische Zeitung which they edited jointly) but came from very different backgrounds: Marx's father was a Jewish lawyer turned Christian Engels's a prosperous Protestant cotton-mill owner. Marx studied law, then philosophy Engels, the black sheep of his family, was sent to work in the family business at 17. While doing his military service in 1841 in Berlin, he was exposed to the ferment of ideas swirling around the Prussian capital.

A. 어휘
self-effacing 표면에 나서지 않는. "Das Kapital" 資本論(자본론).
Frock-Coated 프록 코트를 입은. financial crisis 금융위기. take off 시작하다.
whoosh 획 날리다. relentless 가차없는, 잔인한, 무정한.
all-consuming 전력을 다하는. global nature 국제적 성격. whereas 반면에.
hand in glove with 친밀하게, 협동해서. contribution 寄與(기여), 공헌.
biography 傳記(전기). case 옹호, 주장. give him credit 그의 공적을 인정하다.
extremely 극단적으로, 참으로, 몹시. the press room 인쇄실, 기자실.
edit 편집하다. turned ...로 변한(형용사).
a Jewish lawyer turned Christian 유태인 변호사에서 기독교로 개종한 사람.
prosperous 부유한, 번창하는.
the black sheep 가문의 이름을 더럽히는 골칫거리, 말썽꾸러기.
military service 軍服務(군복무). exposed 노출되다.
ferment 큰 소동, 난리, 흥분, 酵素(효소) swirl 소용돌이치다. capital 首都(수도).

B. 구문
- But Marx had never really gone away.
[그러나 마르크스는 (자본주의가 세계를 휩쓸어도)결코 떠나간 적이 없었다.]
- makes a good case for giving him greater credit.
[그의 공적을 더 크게 인정하는 주장을 한다.]

100-2-471
Next, he went to work for the Manchester branch of the family business, Ermen & Engels. Manchester's "cottonopolis" in the mid-19th century was a manufacturer's heaven and a working man's hell, and it provided an invaluable lesson for Engels: that economic factors were the basic cause of the clash between different classes of society. By 1845, when he was just 24, he had not only learnt how to be a successful capitalist he had also written a coruscatingly anti-capitalist work, "The Condition of the Working Class in England", which charted the inhumanity of modern methods of production in minute detail.
Engels left Manchester to work with Marx on the "Communist Manifesto" and the two of them spent the late 1840s criss-crossing Europe to chase the continental revolutions of the time, ending up in England. Marx had started work on "Das Kapital", but there was a problem. He had by then acquired an aristocratic German wife, a clutch of small children and aspirations for a comfortable bourgeois lifestyle, but no means of support.

A. 어휘
branch 支社(지사). cottonopolis 19세기 영국의 綿紡織(면방직) 공업의 중심지였던 Manchester의 별명. manufacturer 제조업자. invaluable 무한한 가치가 있는.
lesson 교훈. economic factors 경제적 요인들. clash 충돌. classes 계급, 계층.
coruscatingly 반짝이는. working class 노동계급. chart 도표로 만들다.
inhumanity 몰인정, 無情(무정), 잔인성. minute 미세한, 상세한.
detail 세부, 詳說(상설). Communist Manifesto 공산당 선언.
criss-cross 縱橫(종횡)으로 누비고 다니다, 교차하다, 十字(십자), 교차.
chase 서두르다, 뒤쫓다, 추격하다. acquire 취득하다.
aristocratic 귀족의, 귀족적인. clutch 한 배 깐 병아리, 떼.
aspiration 열망. support 부양, 양육, 생활비.