120-3-559
The underlying order
Generations of students considered him the father of structuralism-the theory of underlying order in everything. This annoyed him. He invoked the word in the 1950s mostly in homage to linguists like Roman Jakobson, who had posited binary opposites (voiced and voiceless elements) as the building blocks of language. Thereafter structuralism had become a "vogue", he thought, "besmirched" by being wrongly applied, and weirdly linking him with thinkers-Jacques Lacan, Michel Foucault-with whom he had nothing in common.
But there was really no avoiding structure in his life. He loved Rameau's music, Poussin's paintings. His own career appeared to contain a fair element of chance: the second world war, with exile in New York, that led him to Jakobson, or his meetings with Max Ernst and Andre Breton, who taught him to look at objects with a surrealist's eye. And yet possibly all this too, as he wrote in "Tristes Tropiques" in 1955, exemplified how, over time, "events without any apparent connection, and originating from incongruous periods and places…suddenly crystallise into a sort of edifice conceived by an architect…"

A. 어휘
structuralism 구조주의.
underlying order 사물의 基底(기저)에 있는 질서, 본질적 질서.
annoy 짜증나게 하다. invoke 불러내다, 神의 가호를 빌다.
homage 존경, 충성. posit 가정하다, 설치하다.
binary opposites 二項對立(이항대립)
voiced and voiceless elements 유성음과 무성음. vogue 유행.
besmirch 더럽히다, 먹칠하다. by being wrongly applied 잘못 적용됨으로써.
weirdly 기묘하게, 무시무시하게. objects 사물.
surrealist 초현실주의자. exemplify 例證(예증)하다.
apparent 명백한. incongruous 일치하지 않는, 어울리지 않는.
crystallise 結晶(결정)시키다, 구체화하다. edifice 대건축물.
conceive 構想(구상)하다, 상상하다, 임신하다.

B. 구문
- But there was really no avoiding structure in his life.
cf. there is no+동명사→...이 불가능하다.
[그러나 실제로 그는 그의 삶에서 구조주의를 피할 수는 없었다.]

120-4-560
Ever diffident and retiring, he wished to be remembered only for his "moment in anthropological thought": an effort at systematising cultures as profound, he hoped, as what Marx had done for ideologies, or Freud for dreams. Proselytising was left to his difficult, often beautiful, books and the pages of his journal L'Homme. The existentialists, and all who thought that man should be studied as an individual rather than en bloc, noisily attacked him. He dismissed their "shop-girl metaphysics".
Before his immense age turned him into a national treasure for thinkers of all stripes and none, greens claimed him, and he was happy to be claimed. The consumer filth and monoculture of the "civilised" world had depressed him ever since the writing of "Tristes Tropiques". As he faded, he mourned the vanishing of the tribes. "Primitive" man was not nobler or purer than he was, but they were, in the deepest sense, connected: for universal laws linked his thinking, in all its book-lined complexity, to that of the Indian clad only in tree-bark, trailing a deer along a forest path.

A. 어휘
diffident 수줍어하는, 자신이 없는. retiring 내향적인, 수줍은, 은퇴하는.
anthropological 인류학적. profound 심오한, 看破(간파)하는.
proselytise=proselyte 전향시키다, 개종시키다. Homme 사람.
existentialist 실존주의자. en bloc 一括(일괄)하여, 총괄적으로.
dismiss 해산시키다, 추방하다. metaphysics 形而上學(형이상학).
immense 굉장한, 거대한. immense age 나이가 대단히 많음.
national treasure 國寶(국보). stripe 유형, 종류, 줄, 줄무늬.
thinkers of all stripes and none 유형에 속하거나, 속하지 않는 모든 사상가들.
greens 젊은 사상가들. claim 승리를 주장하다. filth 타락, 不潔(불결).
monoculture 획일적인 문화, 單式農業(단식농업).
fade 쇠퇴하다. mourn 한탄하다. vanishing 사라짐.
primitive 원시적인. universal laws 보편적인 법칙.
complexity 복잡성. book-lined 책으로 정리되어 있는.
clad 차려입은. cf. clothe-clad-clad. tree-bark 나무껍질.
trail 뒤를 쫓다, 추적하다.

B. 구문
- Proselytising was left to his difficult, . . . pages of his journal L'Homme.
[그의 난해하고 훌륭한 책들과 그의 日記(일기) L'Homme은 사상계의 방향을 바꾸게 되었다.]
- "Primitive" man was not nobler. . . trailing a deer along a forest path.
[ “원시인”이 그 보다 더 고귀하고 더 순수하지는 않았지만 그들 정신의 심층은 그와 연결되어 있었다. 왜냐하면 보편적인 법칙이, 책으로 복잡하게 정리되어 있는 그의 생각을 숲 속에 난 길을 따라 사슴의 뒤를 쫓고 있는, 나무껍질만 걸친 인디언의 생각과 연결시키고 있기 때문이다.]