166-7-754
These attempts at dirigisme have made Singapore a more reserved, less entrepreneurial place than Hong Kong with its feverish laissez-faire. It certainly has far fewer larger-than-life billionaires. But it is hard to hail Singapore as a success of top-down economic management in the way some Chinese seem to think. Indeed, the core of Singapore’s success—its ability to attract foreign multinationals—owes far more to laissez-faire than to industrial policy.
Rather than seeing foreign investment as a way to steal technology or to build up strategic industries, as China often does, Singapore has followed an open-door policy, building an environment where businesses want to be. The central message has remained much the same for decades: come to us and you will get excellent infrastructure, a well-educated workforce, open trade routes, the rule of law and low taxes.
In other words, Singapore’s competitive advantage has been good, cheap government. It has worked hard to keep its state small even education consumes only 3.3% of GDP. But the real savings come from keeping down social transfers and especially from not indulging the middle class. The older Mr Lee thinks the West’s mistake has been to set up “all you can eat” welfare states: because everything at the buffet is free, it is consumed voraciously.

A. 어휘
dirigisme 통제정책. reserved 謙讓(겸양)하는, 말없는, 내성적인.
entrepreneurial 기업의욕이 왕성한, 기업의. feverish 열렬한.
laissez-faire 自由放任主義(자유방임주의). hail 환호하여 맞이하다, 환영하다.
top-down economic management 上命下服(상명하복)적 경제운영.
core 핵심. multinationals 다국적기업. infrastructure 경제기반, 하부구조.
open trade routes 개방적 무역로. transfer 移轉(이전), 대체, 양도.
social transfers 사회적 이전( 부의 평준화 정책).
indulge 응석을 받아 주다. voraciously 乞神(걸신)들린 듯이, 게걸스럽게.