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Britain continued in that vein for most of the 20th century, with the Depression only increasing anti-market sentiment. In 1938 an ambitious young right-wing MP surveyed the British economy: “The weakness of partial planning seems to me to arise from the incomplete and limited application of the principles of planning. The lesson of these errors, which I regard as errors of limitation, is not that we should retreat. On the contrary, we must advance, more rapidly and still further, upon the road of conscious regulation.” Harold Macmillan went on to become a post-war Conservative prime minister, which shows how far the centre had shifted.
Gradually, however, an anti-state right began to emerge. In 1960 Friedrich Hayek wrote “The Constitution of Liberty”, partly in response to what he saw in Britain. In 1978 another young Tory with a Macmillanish pedigree, William Waldegrave, took a very different line in “The Binding of Leviathan”: “No one knows how to run bureaucracies. Bureaucracies are increasing. No wonder the public thinks something is wrong.” In 1979 Margaret Thatcher hurled herself at these bureaucracies—and a new creed, very different from Fabianism, rippled out across the world.
Now the promise of renewed radicalism is in the air. David Cameron’s coalition government of Conservatives and Liberal Democrats is pursuing the most daring course in the rich world. That judgment is based on two things: the severity of its spending cuts (many departments are being slimmed by a fifth) and the fact that it is trying to change the structure of the state.

A. 어휘
vein 靜脈(정맥), 鑛脈(광맥), 성질, 기질.
the Depression 1930년대의 경제 대공황. sentiment 情緖(정서), 감정, 소감.
application 적용. partial planning 부분적 계획경제.
retreat 후퇴하다. conscious regulation 의식적인 규제.
Conservative 영국 보수당. shift 이동하다.
anti-state right 국가의 간섭에 반대하는 우파. Constitution 구조, 성질, 헌법.
Tory 영국 보수당원. pedigree 혈통, 家系(가계), 족보.
Leviathan 거대한 바다동물(지나치게 비대해진 국가조직을 상징).
bureaucracies 관료제도. hurl 세치가게 던지다.cf. hurl oneself at 적에게 덤벼들다.
creed 신조, 敎理(교리). Fabianism 패이비언주의(19세기에 창시된 영국사회주의).
rippled 波紋(파문)을 일으키다. radicalism 급진주의.
coalition government 연합정부. daring 大膽無雙(대담무쌍)한.
severity 苛酷(가혹), 엄격. spending cuts 지출삭감.
departments 部處(부처).